Cell Respiration

What happens during cell respiration

Glucose is broken down, releasing ATP

What is oxidation?

loss of electron or H+

What is reduction?

gain of electrons or H+

Where does glycolysis take place?

cytoplasm near the mitochondrial membrane

What is the starting material for glycolysis?

glucose (sugar)

What happens during glycolysis?

Glucose is broken down into pyruvate

What does glycolysis produce?

ATP, NADH, pyruvate

Where does the preparatory reaction take place?

mitochondria

What happens during preparatory reaction

Pyruvate splits into 2-carbon molecule. CO2 gets released, Coenzyme A attaches to the 2-carbon molecule making Acetyl CoA

What is produced during preparatory reaction?

Acetyl CoA and NADH. Co2 is released

Where does the citric acid cycle occur?

mitochondrial matrix

What happens during the citric acid cycle

-4 carbon molecule binds with 2-carbon molecule and Acetyl CoA

-citrate is formed

-H+ ions and electrons are accepted by NAD and FAD

-2ATP and CO2 is generated

What is produced in the Krebs cycle?

ATP, NADH, FADH2, CO2

What is the purpose of NADH and NADPH?

serves as electron carriers

Why does fermentation and anaerobic metabolism occur?

They produce ATP in the absence of oxygen

When do we do anaerobic respiration?

when we do strenuous exercise, our muscles runs out of oxygen, then they switch to lactate production

What does fermentation produce?

lactic acid and alcohol

what does anaerobic metabolism produce?

ATP

Where does the electron transport chain occur?

inner membrane of mitochondria

what happens during electron transport chain?

NADH and FADH2 releases electrons to the chain. electron is transferred to a chain of proteins

in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. The proteins use the energy to pump hydrogen

ions against the membrane. ATP is created and water is formed.

What is the final acceptor for the electron in the electron transport chain?

O2

what happens during ATP synthase?

H+ passes through the intermembrane space into the matrix (down the gradient) activating phosphorylation of ADP, which makes ATP

What is produced during ATP synthase?

ATP!