UIL Social Studies (Presidents, Founding Fathers, Politicians

Sections 1-3

John Adams

Delegate to the Constitutional Congress for Massachusetts, author of the “Massachusetts Constitution in 1780” and “thoughts on government”

John Jay

First chief justice of the US, 2nd governor of NY, signed the 1783 Treaty of Paris.

Alexander Hamilton

First sec. of treasury, spearheaded the Annapolis Convention, supported implied powers, created the first US Bank.

Elbridge Gerry

5th VP under Madison, refused to sign the Constitution until it included a Bill of Rights, delegate at the XYZ affair, governor of Massachusetts, only Declaration of Independence signer sto be buried in D.C.

Rufus King

Massachusetts delegate at the Continental Congress, represented NY in the Senate, Federalist.

Charles Pinckney

37th governor of South of Carolina, senator, representative, introduced the Fugitive Slave Clause, attacked Jay’s treaty, minister to Spain under Jefferson, opposed the Missouri Compromise.

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney

US Minister to France during the XYZ affair, nominated twice as Federalist presidential candidate, but lost both times

Timothy Pickering

3rd sec. of State (under Adams and Washington), represented Massachusetts in Congress, dismissed from Adam’s cabinet because he opposed peace with France, leader of the New England secession movement, organized the Hartford Convention.

Charles Francis Adams

US minister to the UK (during the Civil War), founded the Free-Soil Party in 1848 and ran as the party’s VP.

Fisher Ames

Congressman from Massachusetts, Federalist who supported ratification.

George Clinton

Democratic-Republican, 4th VP (under Jefferson and Madison)

DeWitt Clinton

Senator and major of NY, 6th governor of NY, father of the Erie Canal, ran for president in 1812.

William Crawford

sec. of War under Madison, sec. of treasury under Madison and Monroe, minister to France under Madison, suffered a stroke, which prevented him from continuing the Virginian Dynasty.

John Randolf

Virginia Senator, representative, Minister to Russia under A. Jackson, split from Jefferson and the DR Party after the impeachment of Samuel Chase, leader of the ‘Old Republicans’, opposed the war of 1812, co-founded the American Colonization Society.

Lewis Cass

Michigan Senator, sec. of war under Jackson, sec. of state under Buchanan, slave owner (wanted popular sovereignty), clashed with Martin Van Buren, resigned from Buchanan’s cabinet after he refused to act after southern states seceded.

William Marcy

NY Senator, gov of NY, sec. of war under Polk, sec. of state under Franklin Pierce, defended the spoils system, states’ rights, and aligned with Jacksonian Democrats.

John C. Bell

Presidential candidate in 1860, Tennessee antebellum politician, briefly speaker of the house and sec. of war, ally with Jackson, until he aligned with the Whigs, “The Great Apostate”, opposed slavery’s expansion, but switched from Union to the Confederacy.

Hugh Lawson White

Tennesse Senator (replaced A. Jackson), close ally of Jackson, opposed the 2nd US Bank, tariffs, and internal improvements, wanted the Indian Removal Act and Tariff of 1833, turned against Jackosn and aligned with Clay and the Whigs.

William Wirt

Credited with making the Attorney General position one of Influence and power, longest serving attorney general in US history served under Monroe and J.Q. Adams for 12 years, Anti-masonic nominee in 1832(won Vermont), first major trial was Burr’s treason trial.

Levi Woodbury

New Hampshire senator, governor, associate justice, sec. of Navy and sec. of Treasury (under Jackosn and Van Buren), first justice to have attended law school.

Silas Wright

Democrat, member of the Albany Regency, NY representative, senator, and state Comptroller, led the NY Democratic Party with Van Buren.

William Barry

slave owner, Postmaster General under Jackson, only cabinet member NOT to resign as a result of the Petticoat Affair, outlawed Garrison’s “The Liberator” newspaper.

John Berrien

Georgia Senator, attorney general under Jackson, ‘The Antelope Case’- ruled against freedom of slaves, prosecuted Tobias Watkins, supported states’ rights during the Nullification Crisis.

George McDuffie

55th governor of South Carolina, led the state during the Nullification Crisis (1828 and 1832 Tariffs)

Lois McLane

Converted from Federalist to Democrat, Delaware representative and Senator, sec. of Treasury, sec. of State, Minister to Great Britain, president of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, drafted the Force Bill in 1833 as a response to the Nullification crisis.

John Taylor of Caroline

Served in the Virginia House of Delegated, Virginian Senator, DR and Jeffersonian, supported small govt and an agrarian economy, helped pass the Virginia Resolutions.

John W. Taylor

DR who served as a speaker of the House twice, from NY, supported the Tallmadge amendment and Missouri Compromise, criticized Southerners who claimed slavery was their way of life.

Amos Kendall

lawyer and politician, editor-in-chief of the “Argus of Western American” (Frankfort, KY), DR, Jacksonian, Postmaster General under Jackson and Van Buren, wrote a biography over Jackson, helped Samuel Morse with the telegraph.

William Smith

South Carolinian, served 2 terms as senator, formed an intense rivalry with John C. Calhoun (a nationalist), supported states’ rights, one of the first to argue slavery was ‘a positive good’ after the 1820 Missouri Compromise.

James Tallmadge

DR, congressman from NY, proposed an amendment that would have restricted slavery in Missouri, leading abolition efforts, sparked the 1820 Missouri Compromise debate.

Philip Barbour

10th speaker of the House, associate justice of the Supreme Court (only person to have served both), loyal to Andrew Jackson, held views opposite to the majority of people, which unraveled John Marshall’s legacy justified the Dred. Scott v Sanford ruling. `

James Shields

Irish American, Democratic Senator in 3 states (Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri) criticized by a young A. Lincoln and challenged him to a duel, but they later became friends, declined an offer to be the first governor of the Oregon territory, in the Civil War, his troops inflicted the only tactical defeat of Confederate General Stonewall Jackson (Battle of Kernstown).

Nathaniel Mason

North Carolina senator and representative, 5th speaker of the House, limited gov, ‘Old Republican’, Jefferson called him ‘Ultimus Romanorum”, defended slavery.