Behaviorism and Learning Theories in Psychology

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26 Terms

1

Little Albert

Conditioned to fear fuzzy objects by Watson.

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2

Operant Conditioning

Behavior influenced by environmental outcomes.

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3

Positive Reinforcement

Adding stimulus to increase desired behavior.

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4

Negative Reinforcement

Removing stimulus to increase desired behavior.

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5

Positive Punishment

Adding stimulus to decrease undesired behavior.

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6

Negative Punishment

Removing stimulus to decrease undesired behavior.

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7

Fixed Ratio

Reinforcement after a set number of responses.

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8

Variable Ratio

Reinforcement after unpredictable number of responses.

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9

Fixed Interval

Reinforcement after a fixed time period.

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10

Variable Interval

Reinforcement after varying time intervals.

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11

Shaping

Reinforcement for successive approximations of behavior.

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12

Wilhelm Wundt

Known as the 'Father of Psychology'.

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13

Introspection

Self-examination of conscious thoughts.

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14

William James

Proposed functionalism, opposing structuralism.

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15

Freud

Focused on the unconscious mind.

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16

Karl Popper

Falsifiability is key for scientific theories.

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17

Pavlov

Conducted classical conditioning experiments with dogs.

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18

Behaviorism

Study of observable behavior, ignoring mental processes.

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19

Frontal Lobe

Responsible for speech, movement, and personality.

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20

Limbic System

Involved in emotion and memory processing.

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21

Glutamate

Excitatory neurotransmitter linked to learning.

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22

Serotonin

Involved in mood regulation and sleep.

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23

Dopamine

Linked to movement and reward pathways.

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24

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Motivational theory from basic to self-fulfillment.

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25

Hypothalamus

Regulates motivated behaviors like hunger and thirst.

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26

Sexual Response Cycle

Stages: excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution.

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