The US History Volume 2 Chapter 1

Immigration

The act of coming to live permanently in a new country.

Industrialization

A shift to the widespread use of machines and factories to produce goods.

Urbanization

The formation and growth of cities.

Economy

The way a country manages its money and resources to produce, buy, and sell goods and services.

Discrimination

Unfair treatment of a person or group because of beliefs about that group of people.

Nativism

Discrimination against immigrants based on the belief that native-born Americans are superior.

Melting Pot

A metaphor describing America as a place where different cultures blend together.

Philanthropist

A person who uses their money to help others.

Labor Union

An association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests.

Free Enterprise

The freedom of businesses to operate without government interference.

Monopoly

A situation in which a single company or group owns all or nearly all of the market for a given type of product or service.

Inflation

A rise in prices and a fall in the purchasing value of money.

Public Policy

A set of government steps for how something is done.

Child Labor

The practice of employing children in industry or business, often under harsh conditions.

Political Economy

The combination or interaction of economy and government.

Know Nothing Movement

An anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic political movement in the late 1800s.

Gilded Age

A term used to describe the late 19th century as a period marked by wealth for a few and poverty for many.

Second Industrial Revolution

A period of rapid industrial growth in the late 19th century characterized by technological innovation.

Artisan

A skilled worker who makes goods by hand.

Sweatshop

A factory or workshop, especially in the clothing industry, where workers are employed at very low wages in poor conditions.