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define mean bond enthalpy:
enthalpy (change) to break 1 mol bonds (in gaseous state)
why must a bond enthalpy be in the gaseous state?
so all energy goes into breaking bonds and not changing state
why might a calculated bond enthalpy be different to a bond enthalpy found in a data book?
bond enthalpies in data books are mean values taken from a range of compounds containing the specified bond - not the same as actual bond enthalpies
(if using calorimetry) values from bond enthalpy data ignore E changes in vaporisation of the fuel/condensing the water
what is the general equation for bond enthalpies?
ΔH = bonds broken - bonds formed
is bond breaking an exothermic or endothermic process? why?
endothermic - energy is required
is bond making an exothermic or endothermic process? why?
exothermic - energy is released