Chemistry: Moles, Mass, and Reactions

A set of vocabulary flashcards related to key concepts in chemistry, focusing on moles, mass, reactions, and stoichiometry.

Mole

A unit that is equal to 6.022 x 10^23 particles or objects.

Chemical Formula

A representation that relates the number of atoms of various elements in a molecule.

Formula Mass

The mass of one formula unit of a compound, measured in atomic mass units (amu).

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a compound, measured in grams per mole (g/mol).

Avogadro's Number

6.022 x 10^23 particles per mole.

Average Atomic Mass

The weighted average of the masses of all isotopes of an element, taking into account their relative abundances.

Limiting Reactant

The reactant that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed.

Theoretical Yield

The maximum amount of product that can be produced from a given amount of reactants.

Actual Yield

The actual amount of product obtained from a chemical reaction.

Percent Yield

The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage.

Stoichiometry

The process of using a balanced chemical equation to calculate the relative amounts of reactants and products.

Mass Percent (mass%)

The percentage of a specific element in a compound calculated by (total mass of the element in compound)/(molar mass of compound) x 100.

Balanced Equation

An equation showing that the number of atoms in the reactants equals the number in the products.

Chemical Reaction

A process where reactants are transformed into products with observable changes.

Coefficient

Numbers placed before the reactants and products in a balanced equation, indicating the number of moles of each substance.

Significant Figures

Digits that carry meaning contributing to a measurement's accuracy; used in calculations to reflect precision.

Grams

The metric unit of mass equal to one thousandth of a kilogram.

Grams

Moles x molar mass

Moles

Grams/ molar mass

Atom or molecules

Moles x Avo number

Moles equation

Moles Want/ given or have

Grams

Grams/ molar mass = moles