APUSH Unit 2 Chapter 29 WWI

Internationalists

US should play a vigorous role in world affairs & serve as a force for honorable behavior (Albert Breveridge)

Isolationists

feared US involvement would interfere w/reform at home. Robert M. LaFollette

Moral Diplomacy

Wilson’s foreign policy-doing what is morally right, not necessarily what is most beneficial

Profiro Diaz

1911-Porfiro Diaz’s lengthy dictatorship collapsed

Francisco Madero

Francisco Madero took over promising economic reforms but he was quickly overthrown & killed by Victoriano Huerta

Victoriano Huerta

Wilson refused to recognize Huerta’s gov’t & gave military aid to Huerta’s rival Carranza. b/c killed the leader, Wilson was like, yeah no we’re not doing that

Tensions w/ Mexico

Tampico-US crewmen of a US vessel were arrested by Huerta’s officers

Vera Cruz-Wilson blockaded the port bringing Huerta arms

ABC Powers

Argentina, Brazil, Chile

Pancho Villa

Bandit robin hood essentially.

Wilson supported Carranza, when Villa started attacking Americans

Once Villa ordered his men to cross the border, Wilson sent in troops, led by Gen. John J. Pershing, to stop him

Carranza

1914-Carranza toppled Huerta, only to be immediately challenged by Pancho Villa

Tensions Leading to WWI

1.Unification of Germany through warfare (Otto Von Bismarck)

2. Complex & shifting set of alliances

– 1907-Triple Entente-France, Great Britain, & Russia

– 1907-Triple Alliance-Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy

3. 1908-Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia & Herzegovina

4. Militarism-Europe had forgotten the horrors of the Napoleonic Wars

Assasination

Gavrillo Princip assasinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Member of Black Hand, wanted Serbian freedom and felt that Austria-Hungary stood in the way of it.

Chain Reaction

1. Austria-Hungary gave Serbia an unreasonable ultimatum

2. Russia backed the Serbs

3. Germany backed Austria-Hungary

4. Germany declared war on Russia & France

5. Germany struck at France by marching through neutral Belgium

6. GB reacted by declaring war on Germany

Allies

France

• Russia

• Great Britain

• Italy*

• Japan*

• *joined the war later

Central Powers

• Germany

• Austria Hungary

• Ottoman Empire*

• Bulgaria*

*joined the war later

Schlieffen Plan

Germany’s plan- a quick strike on France while Russia mobilized

Trench warfare

became the style of fighting used in WWI