Molecular Geometry and Hybridization

Flashcards covering molecular geometry, bond angles, and hybridization.

Lone Pairs Effect

Atoms with lone pairs on the central atom influence molecular geometry (shape).

Molecular Geometry

Describes the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.

Bond Angle

The angle between two bonds in a molecule.

Hybridization

Mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals suitable for bonding.

Geometry with 2 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Linear

Bond angle of Linear Geometry

180

Hybridization of Linear Geometry

sp

Geometry with 3 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Trigonal Planar

Bond angle of Trigonal Planar Geometry

120

Hybridization of Trigonal Planar Geometry

sp²

Geometry with 2 atoms, 1 lone pair

Bent

Bond angle of Bent Geometry

118

Hybridization of Bent Geometry

sp²

Geometry with 4 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Tetrahedral

Bond angle of Tetrahedral Geometry

109

Hybridization of Tetrahedral Geometry

sp³

Geometry with 3 atoms, 1 lone pair

Trigonal Pyramidal

Bond angle of Trigonal Pyramidal Geometry

107

Hybridization of Trigonal Pyramidal Geometry

sp³

Geometry with 2 atoms, 2 lone pairs

Bent

Bond angle of Bent Geometry

105

Hybridization of Bent Geometry

sp³

Geometry with 5 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Trigonal Bipyramidal

Bond angle of Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry

90, 120, 180

Hybridization of Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 4 atoms, 1 lone pair

Seesaw

Bond angle of Seesaw Geometry

90, 120, 180

Hybridization of Seesaw Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 3 atoms, 2 lone pairs

T-shaped

Bond angle of T-shaped Geometry

90, 180

Hybridization of T-shaped Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 2 atoms, 3 lone pairs

Linear

Bond angle of Linear Geometry

180

Hybridization of Linear Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 6 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Octahedral

Bond angle of Octahedral Geometry

90, 180

Hybridization of Octahedral Geometry

sp³d²

Geometry with 5 atoms, 1 lone pair

Square Pyramidal

Bond angle of Square Pyramidal Geometry

90, 180

Hybridization of Square Pyramidal Geometry

sp³d²

Geometry with 4 atoms, 2 lone pairs

Square Planar

Bond angle of Square Planar Geometry

90, 180

Hybridization of Square Planar Geometry

sp³d²

Lone Pairs Effect

Atoms with lone pairs on the central atom influence molecular geometry (shape).

Molecular Geometry

Describes the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.

Bond Angle

The angle between two bonds in a molecule.

Hybridization

Mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals suitable for bonding.

Geometry with 2 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Linear

Bond angle of Linear Geometry

180

Hybridization of Linear Geometry

sp

Geometry with 3 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Trigonal Planar

Bond angle of Trigonal Planar Geometry

120

Hybridization of Trigonal Planar Geometry

sp²

Geometry with 2 atoms, 1 lone pair

Bent

Bond angle of Bent Geometry

118

Hybridization of Bent Geometry

sp²

Geometry with 4 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Tetrahedral

Bond angle of Tetrahedral Geometry

109

Hybridization of Tetrahedral Geometry

sp³

Geometry with 3 atoms, 1 lone pair

Trigonal Pyramidal

Bond angle of Trigonal Pyramidal Geometry

107

Hybridization of Trigonal Pyramidal Geometry

sp³

Geometry with 2 atoms, 2 lone pairs

Bent

Bond angle of Bent Geometry

105

Hybridization of Bent Geometry

sp³

Geometry with 5 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Trigonal Bipyramidal

Bond angle of Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry

90, 120, 180

Hybridization of Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 4 atoms, 1 lone pair

Seesaw

Bond angle of Seesaw Geometry

90, 120, 180

Hybridization of Seesaw Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 3 atoms, 2 lone pairs

T-shaped

Bond angle of T-shaped Geometry

90, 180

Hybridization of T-shaped Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 2 atoms, 3 lone pairs

Linear

Bond angle of Linear Geometry

180

Hybridization of Linear Geometry

sp³d

Geometry with 6 atoms, 0 lone pairs

Octahedral

Bond angle of Octahedral Geometry

90, 180

Hybridization of Octahedral Geometry

sp³d²

Geometry with 5 atoms, 1 lone pair

Square Py