BIO CH 1 quiz

Abstract

The opening section of a scientific paper that summarizes the research and conclusions.

Applied science

A form of science that aims to solve real-world problems.

Atom

The smallest and most fundamental unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.

Basic science

Science that seeks to expand knowledge and understanding, regardless of the short-term application of that knowledge.

Biochemistry

The study of the chemistry of biological organisms.

Biology

The study of life.

Biosphere

A collection of all the ecosystems on Earth.

Botany

The study of plants.

Cell

The smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things.

Cell theory

All living organisms are composed of cells. Cells only arise from previous cells and aren’t generated spontaneously.

Community

A set of populations inhabiting a particular area.

Conclusion

A section of a scientific paper that summarizes the importance of the experimental findings.

Control

A part of an experiment that doesn’t change during the experiment.

Descriptive(discovery)science

A form of science that aims to observe, explore, and investigate.

Discussion

A section of a scientific paper in which the author interprets experimental results, describes how variables may be related, and attempts to explain the phenomenon in question.

Ecosystem

All the living things in a particular area, together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that environment.

Eukaryote

An organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.

Evolution

The process of gradual change in a population or species over time.

Falsifiable

Able to be disproven by experimental results.

Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions.

Hypothesis

Suggested explanation for an observation, which one can test.

Hypothesis-based science

A form of science that begins with a specific question and potentially testable answers.

Introduction

An opening section of a scientific paper, which provides background info about what was known in the field prior to the research reported in the paper.

Life science

The field of science, such as biology, that study of living things.

Macromolecule

A large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules.

Materials and methods

A section of a scientific paper that includes a complete description of the substances, methods, and techniques that the researchers used to gather data.

Microbiology

The study of the structure and function of microorganisms.

Molecular biology

The study of biological processes and their regulation at the molecular level, including interactions among molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Molecule

The chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds.

Natural science

The field of study that is related to the physical world and its phenomena and processes.

Neurobiology

The study of the biology of the nervous system.

Organ

A collection of related tissues grouped together performing a common function.

Organ system

A level or organization that consists of functionally related interacting organs.

Organelle

A small structure that exists within cells and carry out cellular functions.

Organism

An individual living entity

Paleontology

The study of life’s history by means of fossils.

Peer-reviewed manuscript

A scientific paper that a scientist’s colleague reviews who are expert in the field of study.

Phylogenetic tree

A diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both, in essence, a hypothesis concerning evolutionary connections.

Physical science

The field of study, such as geology, astronomy, physics, and chemistry, that studies non-living matter.

Population

All the individuals of a species living within a specific area.

Prokaryote

A single-celled organism that lacks organelles and doesn’t have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

Results

A section of a scientific paper in which the author narrates the experimental findings and presents relevant figures, pictures, diagrams, graphs, and tables, without further interpretation.

Review article

A paper that summarizes and comments on findings that were published as primary literature.

Science

Knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws, especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method.

Scientific method

A method of research with defined steps that include observation, formulation of a hypothesis, testing, and confirming or falsifying the hypothesis.

Theory

Tested or confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena.

Tissue

A group of similar cells carrying out related functions.

Variable

A part of an experiment that the experimenter can vary or change.

Zoology

The study of animals.