HISTOPATHOLOGY QUIZES

Type of biopsy that removes not only cells, but also a small amount of the surrounding tissue. This provides additional information to assist in the examination of the lesion.

a. Incisional biopsy

b. Punch biopsy

c. Fine needle aspiration

d. Core needle biopsy

d. Core needle biopsy

Dehydrating agent that is an excellent substitute for ethanol but it cannot be used in the celloidin technique since nitrocellulose is insoluble in it.

a. Acetone

b. Isopropyl alcohol

c. Butanol

d. Metanol

b. Isopropyl alcohol

Excellent choice of fixative for tissue photography.

a. Mercuric chloride

b. Formaldehyde

c. Chromate

d. Glyoxal

a. Mercuric chloride

One side of the knife is flat while the other is concave. Less concave sides are recommended for cutting celloidin-embedded tissue blocks on a sliding microtome. More concave sides are used to cut paraffin sections on base-sledge, rotary or rocking microtome.

a. Plane-wedge knife

b. Binconcave knife

c. Base-wedge knife

d. Plane concave

d. Plane concave

All of the following are type of fixative that permits the general microscopic study of tissue structures without altering the structural pattern and normal intercellular relationship of the tissues in question, except for?

a. Heidenhain's Susa

b. Bouin's Solution

c. Newcomer's fluid

d. 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin

d. 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin

Recommended ratio in the procedure whereby calcium or lime salts are removed from calcified tissues.

a. 10:1

b. 20:1

c. 15:1

d. 30:1

a. Toluene

b. Chloroform

c. Benzene

d. Xylene

Clearing agent that causes damage to bone marrow specimen therefor producing aplastic anemia.

a. Toluene

b. Chloroform

c. Benzene

d. Xylene

c. Benzene

Hone that is used for manual sharpening when cutting edge has been rendered blunt or nicked. This type usually gives the best result.

a. Arkansas

b. Fine Carborundum

c. Belgium yellow

d. None of the choices

c. Belgium yellow

The following is the formula for 10% neutral buffered formalin, except for?

a. Sodium phosphate, monobasic

b. Sodium chloride

c. Formaldehyde 37-40%

d. Sodium phosphate, dibasic

b. Sodium chloride

It is the process whereby the dehydrating agent is removed from tissue and replaced with a substance that will dissolve the wax with which the tissue is to be impregnated (paraffin)

a. Dealcoholization

b. Infiltration

c. Fixation

d. Embedding

a. Dealcoholization

It is an excellent dehydrating and clearing agent readily miscible in water, melted paraffin, alcohol and xylol. The main disadvantage of this reagent is that it is extremely dangerous because its vapor produces a cumulative and highly toxic action in man.

a. Dioxane

b. Methanol

c. Cedarwood oil

d. Acetone

a. Dioxane

It is the process of removing excess fixative from the tissue after fixation in order to improve staining and remove artefacts from the tissues.

a. Washing out

b. Post Chromatization

c. Embedding

d. Dealcoholization

e. None of the choices

a. Washing out

Paraffin embedded tissues are arranged at the bottom of the mold together with their proper labels and immersed in melted paraffin at a temperature between?

a. 5-10 degree Celsius above its melting point.

b. 5-10 degree Celsius below its melting point.

c. 15-20 degree Celsius below its melting point.

d. 15-20 degree Celsius above its melting point

a. 5-10 degree Celsius above its melting point

It is especially recommended for smear preparations of fresh sputum and bronchial aspirates, and also for thick mucoid secretions.

a. Streaking

b. Pull apart

c. None of the choices

d. Spreading

d. Spreading

The preferred medium for processing of whole eye sections uses Gilson's mixture containing?

a. Equal parts of chloroform and cedarwood oil

b. Equal parts of butanol and aniline oil

c. Equal parts of chloroform and aniline oil

d. Equal parts of xylene and cedarwood oil

a. Equal parts of chloroform and cedarwood oil

Dehydrating agent used for plant and animal microtechniques, recommended for tissue that do not require rapid processing due to its slow acting properties.

a. Butanol

b. Methanol

c. Isopropanol

d. Ethanol

a. Butanol

It is the process done by subjecting the specimen in tissue cassettes in a series of ascending concentrations of hydrophilic or water miscible fluids progressively replacing free water.

a. Dehydration

b. Dezenkerization

c. Fixation

d. Dealcoholization

a. Dehydration

Percentage of the most common and fastest decalcifying agent use:

a. 5-10%

b. 2.5-3%

c. 15-25%

d. 50-70%

a. 5-10%

The freezing agent commonly employed:

a. None of the choices

b. Liquid Nitrogen

c. CO2

d. Propane-Isopentane

b. Liquid Nitrogen

Which of the following is correctly paired?

a. Rotary: Minot

b. Sliding: Trefall

c. Rocking: Queckett

d. Freezing: Adams

a. Rotary: Minot

Embedding medium recommended for embedding hard tissues such as bones and teeth, and for large sections of whole organs like the eye, since the delicate layers of the eyeball are difficult to keep intact when other media are used.

a. Carbowax

b. Epoxy

c. Gelatin

d. Celloidin

d. Celloidin

It is the removal of gross nicks on the knife edge to remove blemishes, and grinding the cutting edge of the knife on a stone.

a. Honing

b. Stropping

c. Neither

d. Both

a. Honing

Simple, reliable, convenient method and is recommended for routine purposes of assessing the extent of decalcification.

a. Calcium oxalate test

b. Formic acid

c. EDTA

d. X-ray method

a. Calcium oxalate test

Criteria of acceptable mounting media:

I. Refractive index should be as close as possible to that of glass.

II. It should not shrink back from the edge cover-glass.

III. It should be flowing and free from air bubbles.

IV. It should not cause stain to diffuse or fade.

a. II,III

b. I,II,III,IV

c. I ONLY

d. I, III, IV ONLY

b. I,II,III,IV

Tissue is opaque.

a. Prolonged Dehydration

b. Prolonged Clearing

c. Insufficient Clearing

d. Prolonged Fixation

c. Insufficient Clearing

Frozen section are performed primarily for?

a. Permanent slides

b. Producing serial sections

c. Demonstrating of cytological details

d. Rapid diagnosis

d. Rapid diagnosis

Most reliable method for determining complete decalcification.

a. Chemical Method

b. X-ray method

c. Flexibility method

d. Physical Method

b. X-ray method

Newcomer's fluid is recommended for fixing mucopolysaccharides and nuclear proteins. It acts both as a nuclear and histochemical fixative.

a. First statement is True and the second statement is False

b. Both statements are correct

c. First statement is False and the second statement is True

d. Both statements are incorrect

b. Both statements are correct

Most common and the fastest decalcifying agent.

a. Nitric acid

b. Muller's Fluid

c. Perenyi's Fluid

d. Von Ebner's

a. Nitric acid

During a frozen section, the tissue crumbles and comes off from the block holder. This is due to?

a. Tissue is frozen too hard

b. Freezing not adequate

c. Knife blade is loose

d. Tissue is too big

b. Freezing not adequate

Honing is necessary to sharpen knife and remove:

a. Burr

b. Dirt

c. Nicks

d. Wire edges

c. Nicks

All of the following enhances fixation, except for?

a. Agitation

b. Thinner tissues

c. Presence of blood

d. Moderate heat

c. Presence of blood

Temperature of water baths should be set at?

a. 50-55

b. 45-50

c. 55-60

d. 35-40

b. 45-50

The commercially available formaldehyde solution contains gas by weight as:

a. 37-40%

b. 25-30%

c. 60-65%

d. 50-55%

a. 37-40%

Why isn't microwave fixation suitable for large specimens of tissues/organs?

a. Using microwaves accelerates the rate of putrefaction

b. It is unable to heat the center of the tissue/organ sufficiently without heating the outside.

c. The microwave radiation can damage tissue fine structures.

d. Microwave fixation is best suited on tissue blocks 10- 112mm thick

b. It is unable to heat the center of the tissue/organ sufficiently without heating the outside.

Mercuric chloride is restricted in use because?

a. It is pollutant

b. None of the choices

c. All of the choices

d. It is toxic

e. It is Corrosive

c. All of the choices

It is an excellent clearing agent for nervous tissues and lymph nodes but very toxic and expensive:

a. Xylene

b. Chloroform

c. Tetrahydrofuran

d. Toluene

b. Chloroform

To ensure adequate fixation, the volume of fixative should exceed the size of the tissue by:

a. 50 times

b. 5 times

c. 10-20 times

d. 30-40 times

Most commonly used clearing agent in tissue processing is?

a. Benzene

b. Chloroform

c. Cedarwood oil

d. Xylene

d. Xylene

Brittle or hard tissue.

I. Prolonged Fixation.

II. Prolonged dehydration.

III. Overheated paraffin oven

IV. Incomplete Impregnation

a. II,III,IV

b. I,II, III, IV

c. I, II, III

d. I, II

c. I, II, III

Tissues for routine histopathology examination are processed by frozen section section in order to demonstrate:

a. Fat

b. Iron

c. Glycogen

d. Hemoglobin

a. Fat

Which of the following is not a clearing agent?

a. Ethyl alcohol

b. Benzene

c. Xylene

d. Cedarwood oil

a. Ethyl alcohol

Mercuric chloride precipitates left in the tissues can be removed by immersion of tissues in?

a. Iodine solution

b. Running water

c. Sodium thiosulfate

d. Weak ammonia water

a. Iodine solution

Excellent fixative for electron microscopy:

a. Mercuric Chloride

b. Formaldehyde

c. Muller's fluid

d. Glutaraldehyde

d. Glutaraldehyde

Which of the is a fixative used for the preservation of lipids and mitochondria?

a. Potassium dichromate

b. Heidenhain's Susa

c. Orth's Fluid

d. B5 fixative

a. Potassium dichromate

The most critical step in histotechnology.

a. Fixation

b. Clearing

c. Dehydration

d. Sectioning

a. Fixation

What is the method used for impregnation of the whole eye?

a. Dry celloidin

b. Wet celloidin

c. Gelatin

d. Nitrocellulose

a. Dry celloidin

In Bouin fixative, the shrinking effect produced by one component is balanced by the swelling effect of?

a. Formalin

b. Glacial acetic acid

c. Picric acid

d. Osmium tetroxide

b. Glacial acetic acid

A 65 year old man who was separated from his wife five years and had a live-in partner was dead on arrival at the emergency room. The doctor requested for an autopsy. Who will sign the consent form?

a. Parent

b. Legal wife

c. Live-in partner

d. Brother or Sister

a. Parent

The best mounting media for fat stain:

a. Xylene

b. Canada balsam

c. Permount

d. Glycerin Jelly

d. Glycerin Jelly

Organ blocks are being removed from the body

a. Rokitansky

b. Virchow

c. Ghon

d. Letulle

c. Ghon

Refractive index of a mounting medium that is used to mount sections for fluorescent microscopy:

a. 1.47

b. 1.49

c. 1.52

d. 1.524

c. 1.52

Calcium will stain black using:

a. Schmorl's Ferric Ferricyanide

b. Gmelin

c. Von Kossa Silver Nitrate

d. Masson Fontana

c. Von Kossa Silver Nitrate

Substances that causes certain staining reactions to take place by forming a link between the tissue and the stain:

a. Mordant

b. Dye

c . Chromophore

d. Accentuator

a. Mordant

One of the following is not a special stain for FAT: A

a. Oil red O

b. Sudan IV

c. Sharlach

d. Congo red

d. Congo red

A tissue mordant dye complex is needed in?

a. Progressive staining

b. Direct staining

c. Regressive staining

d. Indirect staining

d. Indirect staining

Which of the following is added to Mayer's egg albumin after preparation to prevent growth of fungi?

a. Egg white

b. Alcohol

c. Thymol

d. Glycerin

c. Thymol

In most private hospitals, the histopathologic report is typed in:

a. Four copies

b. Three copies

c. One copy

d. Two copies

b. Three copies

First demonstrable secondary change observed after death, characterized by cooling of the body to equalize that of the surrounding environment:

a. Liver mortis

b. Dessication

c. Algor mortis

d. Rigor mortis

c. Algor mortis

A dye which stains the tissue component differently from its original color is:

a. Dichromatic

b. Monochromatic

c. Metachromatic

d. Orthochromatic

c. Metachromatic

It is the process of sealing the margins of the coverslip to prevent escapage of fluid or semi-fluid mounts and to prevent evaporation of mountant:

a. Staining

b. Clearing

c. Ringing

d. Heating

c. Ringing

The best fixative for cytological preparation:

a. 95% alcohol

b. Cytospray

c. Ether and alcohol

d. Carnoy's Fluid

a. 95% alcohol

A basic dye recommended for observing cell granules and vacuoles of phagocytic cell is:

a. Congo red

b. Janus green

c. Acridine red

d. Neutral red

d. Neutral red

What is the color of the nucleus of a cell after passing the initial stain in a routine H & E staining?

a. Red

b. Dark blue to Black

c. Blue

d. Colorless

b. Dark blue to Black

Melanin in Mason Fontana method is stained?

a. Brown

b. Black

c. Blue

d. Red

b. Black

Hematoxylin and Eosin is an example of?

a. Direct Staining

b. Indirect staining

c. Regressive staining

d. Progressive staining

c. Regressive staining

Positive color of DNA when stained using Fuelgen technique:

a. Methyl green

b. Orange

c. Rose red

d. Red purple

d. Red purple

Which among the following is characterized as boatshaped intermediate cells which have a strong tendency to curl/fold on edged and is usually found in menopause, pregnancy, latter half or menstruation?

a. Endometrial cells

b. Intermediate cells

c. Endocervical cells

d. Navicular cells

d. Navicular cells

Optimum temperature of microwave technology that uses metallic stains:

a. 180℃

b. 45-50 ℃

c. 75-95 ℃

d. 55-60℃

c. 75-95 ℃

Adhesive mixture should not be used:

a. for Papanicolau staining

b. when protein histochemical investigation is needed.

c. when immediate result is needed

d. when staining for fat

b. when protein histochemical investigation is needed.

Gram positive microorganisms will stain what color using the Gram stain?

a. None of the choices

b. Red

c. Blue-black

d. Pink-red

c. Blue-black

Vaginal scrape is used for?

a. Localization of vaginal adenosis

b. Patients with hysterectomy

c. Samples of endocervical canal

d. Hormonal evaluation

b. Patients with hysterectomy

Which among the following are Aqueous mounting media?

I. Apathy's

II. Farrant's

III. Glycerin jelly

IV. Higman's Medium

a. I, II, III,

b. I, II

c. I, II, III, IV

d. IV ONLY

c. I, II, III, IV

The color of hyphae that is stained with Grocott methanamine silver when observed under a microscope:

a. Yellow

b. Gray-black

c. Old rose

d. Black

b. Gray-black

It means use of mordant to facilitate a particular staining method or the use of accentuator to improve either the selectivity or the intensity of stain.

a. Direct Staining

b. Regressive staining

c. Indirect staining

d. Progressive staining

c. Indirect staining

En masse removal and subsequently dissected into organ blocks:

a. Virchow

b. Rokitansky

c. Ghon d. Letulle

d. Letulle

The refractive index of mounting medium should be as near as possible to that of glass slide which is ______ and it should be as near as possible to that of the tissue which is ______.

a. 1.321 ; 1.45

b. 1.4 ; 1.54

c. 1.471 ; 1.49

d. 1.518 ; 1.53

d. 1.518 ; 1.53

If a blue dye stains a tissue component violet, the stain is called?

a. Birefringent

b. Dichromatic dye

c. Metachromatic

d. Orthochromatic

c. Metachromatic

All of the following fluids have to pass through cytocentrifugation preferably before staining the bronchial sediments, except for?

a. Sputum

b. Urine

c. Pleural fluid

d. Bronchial washing

d. Bronchial washing

The autopsy of a medico-legal case can be done by all of the following, except for?

a. Medical resident

b. Pathology resident

c. Hospital pathologist

d. NBI pathologist

a. Medical resident

Which of the following may be added to serous fluids to prevent the formation of jelly-like clots after removal from the cavity:

a. 10% Neutral buffered formalin

b. 200 units EDTA/ 50 mL aspirate

c. 300 units heparin/ mL aspirate

d. 10% formol saline

c. 300 units heparin/ mL aspirate

All of the following are nuclear stain, except for:

I. Neutral red

II. Safranin O

III. Celestine Blue

IV. Phloxine B

V. Rose Bengal

a. I, III, and IV

b. IV, V

c. I,II, III

d. II, IV, V

b. IV, V

Silver impregnation method of staining is used to demonstrate:

a. Glycogen

b. Polysaccharide

c. Spirochetes

d. Collagen

d. Collagen

What is the current color of death certificate?

a. Yellow

b. White

c. Red

d. Blue

b. White

Provided duplicate copy is on file-in of medical records, all requests and reports in the clinical laboratory shall be kept on file for at least:

a. 1 year

b. 5 years

c. 2 years

d. 6 months

c. 2 years

Fixation of Pap's smear is done:

a. None of the choices

b. Immediately

c. After drying of the specimen

d. Before the collection of specimen

b. Immediately

This substance imparts blue color to the nucleus of cells after decolorization.

a. Ammonia water

b. Distilled water

c. Alcohol

d. Mathanol

a. Ammonia water

What is the color of the nucleus of a cell after passing ammonia water in a routine H&E staining?

a. Dark blue to black

b. Red

c. Colorless

d. Blue

a. Dark blue to black

A process that is not recommended for the collection of specimen for cervical cytological smear:

a. speculum blade

b. pipetted method

c. cotton swab

d. impression smear

d. impression smear

EA 50 stain in Pap's staining is used top stain:

a. Cytoplasm of mature cells

b. Nuclear chromatid of immature cells

c. Cytoplasm of immature cells

d. Nuclear chromatid of mature cells

c. Cytoplasm of immature cells

Trichrome stain is a special stain used for?

a. Fat

b. Collagen

c. Amyloid

d. Glycogen

b. Collagen

Four quadrant vaginal scrape:

a. Hormonal evaluation

b. Samples of endocervical canal

c. Localization of vaginal adenosis

d. Patients with hysterectomy

c. Localization of vaginal adenosis

A public officer that investigates the cause of death

a. Coroner

b. Diener

c. Prosecutor

d. Autopsy technician

a. Coroner

Which of the following is a special stain for mucin?

a. Best carmine

b. Trichrome stain

c. Sudan black

d. Congo red

a. Best carmine

Which of the following is not used as an Adhesive?

a. Starch

b. Normal saline

c. Egg albumin

d. Plasma

a. Starch

DNA can be demonstrated using:

a. Fuelgen reaction

b. Pyronin

c. Prussian blue

d. Eosin

a. Fuelgen reaction

Which of the following is not used in Papanicolau smear preparation?

a. Carnoy's fluid

b. 40% formalin

c. Ethanol and ether

d. 95% ethyl alcohol

b. 40% formalin

It is the most widely used routine staining procedure for surgical tissue section:

a. Wright's stain

b. Gram's stain

c. Pap's stain

d. H & E stain

d. H & E stain