Gen Chem

Giga (G)

10⁹

Mega (M)

10⁶

Kilo (k)

10³

Deci (d)

10^-1

Centi ( c )

10^-2

Milli (m)

10^-3

Micro (u)

10^-6

Nano (n)

10^-9

Pico (p)

10^-12

Group 1 Periodic Table

Alkali Meta (very reactive to water)

Group 2 Periodic Table

Alkali Earth Metal (somewhat reactive to water)

Group 7 Periodic Table

Halogen

Group 8 Periodic Table

Noble Gases (not chemically reactive )

Finding Neutrons

Mass # - Atomic #

Finding Electrons

In a neutral atom the electrons equal the atomic #.

If there is a charge like -2 you add it to atomic number

but +2 you subtract from atomic #

Carbonate

CO₃^-2

Hydrogen Carbonate

HCO^-1₃

Sulfate

SO^-2₄

Hydrogen Sulfate

HSO^-1₄

Sulfite

SO^-2₃

Hydrogen Sulfite

HSO^-1₃

Nitrate

NO^-1₃

Nitrite

NO₂^-1

Phosphate

PO^-3₄

Hydrogen Phosphate

HPO₄^-2

Dihydrogen Phosphate

H₂PO₄^-1

Acetate

C₂H₃O₂^-1

OR

CH₃COO^-1

Chromate

CrO₄^-2

Dichromate

Cr₂O₇^-2

Permanganate

MnO^-1₄

Thiocyanate

SCN^-1

Thiosulfate

S₂O^-2₃

Hypochlorite

ClO^-1

Chlorite

ClO^-1₂

Chlorate

ClO^-1₃

Perchlorate

ClO₄^-1

To Find Celsius

(^oF - 32) / 1.8

To Find Fahrenheit

( 1 . 8 X ^oC) + 32

To Find Kelvin

^oC + 273.15

Diatomic Elements

H2, N2 , F2 , O2, I2, Cl2, Br2

Strong Acids

HCL, HBr, HI, HCLO₄, HCLO₃, H₂SO₄, HNO₃

Strong Bases

LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)₂, Sr(OH)₂, Ba(OH)₂

Soluble Ionic Compounds (NO₃^-1, CH₃COO^-1)

No exceptions

Soluble Ionic Compounds (Cl^-1 , Br^-1 , I^-1)

Exceptions: Al⁺¹, Hg⁺², Pb⁺²

Soluble Ionic Compounds (SO₄^-2)

Exceptions: Pb⁺², Hg⁺², Ba⁺², Sr⁺²

Insoluble Ionic Compounds (S^-2)

Exceptions: NH₄⁺¹, Group 1, Ca⁺², Sr⁺², Ba⁺²

Insoluble Ionic Compounds (CO₃^-2)

Exceptions: NH₄⁺¹, Group 1

Insoluble Ionic Compound (PO₄^-3)

Exceptions: NH₄⁺¹, Group 1

Insoluble Ionic Compound (OH^-1)

Exceptions: NH₄⁺¹, Group 1, Ca⁺², Sr⁺², Ba⁺²