HMAP 100 Study

Which of the following is not a formed element of blood?

• White blood cells

• Red blood cells

• Platelets

• Plasma

Plasma

Which ESR value is not normal?

• 0

• 30

• 1

• 10

30

What is the purpose of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) test?

• To diagnose inflammation

• To diagnose anemia

• To diagnose polycythemia

• None of the available answers

To diagnose inflammation

What is the relationship between hemoglobin and hematocrit values?

• Hemoglobin is approximately five times the hematocrit value

• Hemoglobin is approximately one-third of the hematocrit value

• Hemoglobin is approximately twice the hematocrit value

• Hemoglobin and hematocrit values are unrelated

Hemoglobin is approximately one-third of the hematocrit value

What is the normal hemoglobin range for adult males?

• 13-17 g/dL

• 10-14 g/dL

• 12-16 g/dL

• 16-23 g/dL

13-17 g/dL

How long does it take for normal platelet function to return after discontinuing aspirin?

• Immediately

• Several hours

• Several weeks

• Several days

Several days

Which anticoagulant is the preferred choice for coagulation testing?

• Sodium Heparin

• Sodium Citrate

• Sodium Fluoride

• EDTA

Sodium Citrate

What is the blood to anticoagulant ratio used in coagulation test?

• 9:1 blood to anticoagulant

• 5:1 blood to anticoagulant

• 1:1 blood to anticoagulant

• 1:9 blood to anticoagulant

9:1 blood to anticoagulant

Identify the reason why a discard tube is used when collecting blood with a winged collection system.

• To reduce patient discomfort

• To prevent short draws caused by air space in the tubing

• To prevent hemolysis of the sample

• To ensure proper mixing of anticoagulant

To prevent short draws caused by air space in the tubing

Explain what the process of glycogenesis involves in glucose metabolism.

• Converting stored glycogen to glucose

• Making glucose from non-carbohydrate sources

• Converting excess glucose to glycogen for storage

• Breaking down glucose for immediate energy

Converting excess glucose to glycogen for storage

Describe what HbA1c represents in terms of glucose monitoring.

• The average blood glucose levels over 2-3 months

• The glucose level immediately after eating

• The maximum glucose level reached in a day

• The glucose level at a specific moment in time

The average blood glucose levels over 2-3 months

Which 2-hour postprandial glucose value would be considered a criterion for diabetes diagnosis?

• 180 mg/dL

• 160 mg/dL

• 140 mg/dL

• 200 mg/dL or greater

200 mg/dL or greater

Which term describes test results that are extremely high or low and require immediate action by laboratory staff?

• Normal ranges

• Critical values

• Baseline measurements

• Standard protocols

Critical values

According to 2010 ADA recommendations, which fasting plasma glucose range indicates a prediabetic condition?

• 200 mg/dL and above

• Less than 100 mg/dL

• 100-125 mg/dL

• None of the answers

100-125 mg/dL

Which glucose level is considered a critical values for hypoglycemia?

• 110 mg/dL

• 200 mg/dL

• 80 mg/dL

• 40 mg/dL

40 mg/dL

Explain why HDL cholesterol is referred to as “good cholesterol.”

• It transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver to be broken down

• It prevents the formation of blood clots in arteries

• It directly removes plaque deposits from blood vessel walls

• It increases the production of beneficial hormones

It transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver to be broken down

Which condition results from elevated blood cholesterol levels accumulating on blood vessel walls?

• Diabetes

• Hypertension

• Atherosclerosis

• Anemia

Atherosclerosis

Which triglyceride reference value range is considered borderline high?

• Less than 150 mg/dL

• 150 to 199 mg/dL

• 200 to 499 mg/dL

• 500 mg/dL and above

150 to 199 mg/dL

Explain what happens to bacteria that are gram positive during the gram stain procedure.

• Crystal violet and appear blue-purple

• They become transparent and colorless

• They lose the crystal violet and appear pink-red

• They turn yellowish after safranin application

Crystal violet and appear blue-purple

Identify what MIC stands for in antibiotic susceptibility testing.

• Moderate inhibitory concentration

• Minimum inhibitory concentration

• Multiple inhibitory concentration

• Maximum inhibitory concentration

MInimum inhibitory concentration

Identify what should be done with liquid specimens like sputum during transport.

• Place them in a biohazard transport pocket for paperwork

• Transport them without any special packaging

• Freeze them before transport

• Place them in regular plastic bags

Place them in a biohazard transport pocket for paperwork

What are the three key properties of specific immunity?

• Phagocytosis, inflammation, and antibody production

• Antigen presentation, lymphocyte activation, and cytokine release

• Innate resistance, humoral immunity, and cell mediated immunity

• Recognition, specificity, and memory

Recognition, specificity, and memory

What is the purpose of vaccines?

• To provide lifelong immunity against all contagious diseases

• To stimulate humoral immunity by exposing the body to specific antigens

• To directly kill pathogens and prevent infection

• To strengthen the innate immune system’s physical barriers

To stimulate humoral immunity by exposing the body to specific antigens

Explain why immunity to influenza viruses is usually short-lived compared to other diseases.

• Influenza viruses are too small to create strong immunity

• The immune system cannot recognize influenza viruses

• Influenza vaccines are less effective than other vaccines

• Influenza viruses have the ability to rapidly change their viral antigens

Influenza viruses have the ability to rapidly change their viral antigens

Which virus causes infectious mononucleosis?

• Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

• Herpes simplex virus

• Cytomegalovirus

• Human immunodeficiency virus

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Explain why infectious mononucleosis is commonly called the “kissing disease.”

• It primarily affects romantic couples

• Transmission through close contact with saliva from infected individuals

• The virus is only found in saliva during romantic encounters

• It causes swollen lips and mouth sores

Transmission through close contact with saliva from infected individuals

Explain what lymphocytosis means in the context of infectious mononucleosis diagnosis.

• A decrease in white blood cell count

• An increase in lymphocytes with 10% to more than 20% being atypical

• The complete absence of lymphocytes

• Normal lymphocyte levels with no morphological changes

An increase in lymphocytes with 10% to more than 20% being atypical

Is the blood good for blood bank testing if it was collected on Monday and tested on Thursday?

• Yes

• No

Yes

Explain what is a blood bank band.

• A heavy metal laboratory rock band

• A valid patient identification

• A band used for blood transfusion

• None of the available answers

A band used for blood tranfusion

Which of the following is not a part of the blood

- Red blood cell

- Neuron cell

- Plasma

- White blood cell

Neuron cell

Brady in bradycardia is considered to be what part of the word

- Suffix

- Root word

- Prefix

- None of the above

Prefix

In reguards to specimens, what does the acronym QNS stand for

- Quantum Non Specimen

- Quantity Not Sufficient

- Que Nos Sara

- Question Non Specimen

Quantity Not Sufficient

Which of the following is the meaning of R in the acronym RACE in a fire emergency

- run

- resuscitate

- rescue

Rescue

What of the following is a way to break the "Susceptible Host" link in the Chain of Infection

- Sanitization

- First aide

- Disinfection

- Immunization

Immunization

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

- Vesicles

- Capillaries

- Pulmonary Artery

- Pulmonary Vein

Pulmonary Vein

Which of the following is necessary PPE

- Gloves

- Gowns

- Mask

- All of the above

All of the above

Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs?

- Vesicles

- Capillaries

- Pulmonary Artery

- Pulmonary Vein

Pulmonary Artery

According to the book, what is the order to put on PPE

- Gown, mask, faceshield, gloves

- Gown, gloves, mask, faceshield

- Mask, gloves, faceshield, gown

- Mask, gown, gloves, faceshield

Gown, mask, faceshield, gloves

The new phlebotomist was able to draw the blood and is labeling the tubes with the following: Patient's First and Last Name, Patient's DOB, Collection Date, Collector Initials, is the phlebotomist missing something?

- No, everything is perfect

- Yes, the collection time

- Yes, the test that was ordered for the tube

- Yes, the gender of the patient

Yes, the collection time

Which of the following needles would have the largest diameter

- 16-gauge

- 21-gauge

- Both needles have the same diameter

- More information is required to determine the answer

16-gauge

It's 12:00 noon, and there's a timed collection for vancomycin level (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring) that needs to be collected at 13:00. Nurse Joy just called to tell you that she just gave the dose for the vancomycin and asked you to get the level now. Which of the following are you most likely collecting:

- Vancomycin Through

- Vancomycin Peak

- Vancomycin Random

- All of the above

Vancomycin Through

A gold top or red/gray top tube has clotted. Which of the following is true?

- Tube is NOT ACCEPTABLE for testing because a gold top or red/gray top SHOULD NOT clot

- Tube is ACCEPTABLE for testing because a gold top or red/gray top SHOULD clot

Tube is ACCEPTABLE for testing because a gold top or red/gray SHOULD clot

A light blue top tube has clotted. Which of the following is true

- Tube is NOT ACCEPTABLE for testing because a light blue top SHOULD NOT clot

- Tube is ACCEPTABLE for testing because a light blue top SHOULD clot

Tube is NOT ACCEPTABLE for testing because a light blue top SHOULD NOT clot

Which of the following should be used when collecting blood for blood alcohol specimen

- Zephiran chloride

- Tincture iodine

- Regular Alcohol Swab

- Chlorhexidine gluconate

Zephiran chloride

What of the following does palpitation determine?

- Size

- Depth

- Direction

- All of the above

All of the above

You get an order for a BMP (Heparin), Lactic Acid (Sodium Fluoride), Coagulation (Sodium Citrate), and Hematology (EDTA). What would be the order of draw?

- #1 Heparin #2 Sodium Fluoride #3 Sodium Citrate #4 EDTA

- #1 EDTA #2 Sodium Citrate #3 Heparin #4 Sodium Fluoride

- #1 Sodium Citrate #2 Heparin #3 EDTA #4 Sodium Fluoride

- #1 Sodium Citrate #2 Heparin #3 Sodium Fluoride #4 EDTA

#1 Sodium Citrate #2 Heparin #3 EDTA #4 Sodium Fluoride

The med tech is requesting a redraw for a patient that the new phlebotomist drew. The tech stated he saw more lymphocytes than normal for the patient. When you're about to enter the patient's room, the nurse stopped you to tell you that the patient has a mastectomy on the left side. As properly trained phlebotomists, you conclude that the new phlebotomist most likely did what of the following?

- Got blood from the right arm

- Got blood from the left arm

- Got blood from the right hand below the IV

- None of the above

Got blood from the left arm

Which of the following is a true statement?

- Blind probing can least likely cause nerve injury

- Vigorously mixing tubes most likely causes hemolysis

- Removing the needle before the tourniquet will least likely cause a hematoma

- None of the above

Vigorously mixing tubes most likely causes hemolysis

A purple/lavender top tube has clotted. Which of the following is true?

- Tube is NOT ACCEPTABLE for testing because a purple/lavender top tube should NOT CLOT

- Tube is ACCEPTABLE for testing because a purple/lavender top tube SHOULD clot

Tube is NOT ACCEPTABLE for testing because a purple/lavender top tube should NOT CLOT

A new phlebotomist (who wasn't trained by KCC) drew the following tubes in the following order: #1 Green #2 Light Blue #3 Lavender. Which of the following statements is TRUE

- Both the Green Sodium Heparin, and the light blue is good but the lavender is questionable and requires a redraw

- None of the tubes are useable because the phlebotomist didn't follow the order of draw

- The order was correct, and all the tubes are good

- You can still use the Green Sodium Heparin and Lavender is good, but the Light Blue is questionable and requires a redraw

You can still use the Green Sodium Heparin and Lavender is good, but the Light Blue is questionable and requires a redraw

Doctor ordered a BMP on outpatient at 8 AM, and as per protocol, you asked if the patient had been fasting. He mentions he had breakfast with a lot of bacon, sausage and a cheese omelet before coming to get his blood drawn. With that information, what most likely the appearance/status of the serum/plasma?

- Hemolysis

- Lipemic/lipemia

- Normal

- Serum has a green tint

Lipemic/lipemia

You are about to do an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) After doing the introduction procedures, (i.e. checking patient's identification, consent) and finding out the length of fasting is acceptable to continue, what would you need to do next?

- Give the patient the flavored glucose specimen

- Have the patient take a 30-minute walk prior giving the solution

- Collect the initial fasting glucose

- Draw a CBC

Collect the initial fasting glucose

Which of the following wouldn't cause a hematoma?

- Failure to remove the tourniquet before the needle

- Inserting the needle through the vein

- Removing the sodium citrate tube before it is fully filled

- Bending the patient's arm while applying pressure

Removing the sodium citrate tube before it is fully filled

Which of the following is a pattern of the arrangements of veins seen in the antecubital fossa:

- H-Shaped

- V-Shaped

- C-Shaped

- A and B

H-Shaped

Out of the three cephalic veins used for phlebotomy (median, cubital, cephalic, basilic), why is the basilic vein the last choice

- it is located neat the median nerve

- it is isolated from underlying structures

- the basilic vein is the first choice to collect blood from

- it is closer to the skin

it is located neat the median nerve

Which of the following phlebotomist should not do

- checking or changing the bandage after collection

- ask the patient for first, last name and their date of birth

- writing the patient's identifiers on the tube before collecting blood

- remove the tourniquet before removing the needle

writing the patient's identifiers on the tube before collecting blood

Which of the following gets first priority?

- Timed Draw Glucose in the emergency room

- STAT CBC in the medical surgical floor

- Routine Lead in the intensive care unit

- None of the above, they are all the same priority

STAT CBC in the medical surgical floor

A new phlebotomist mentioned that they hit an artery while collecting blood. What site is the most likely place that the phlebotomist tried to collect blood?

- Basilic Vein

- Median Antebrachial Vein

- Cephalic Vein

- None of the above

Basilic Vein

What is the name of the vein arch called in the hand where you get blood from?

- Dorsal arch

- Iliac arch

- Brachial arch

- Volar arch

Dorsal arch

A patient's BP is 120/80. Which of the following numbers is the arterial pressure when the ventricles are contracting?

- 240

- 40

- 80

- 120

120

According to the book, what is the normal range for a female hematocrit?

- 20-30%

- 35-48%

- 30-34%

- 41-50%

30-34%

When checking a person's pulse rate, you should use what of the following?

- Radial artery

- Femoral artery

- Brachial vein

- Aorta

Radial artery

Which of the following is an acceptable specimen?

- 3 hr old urinalysis

- Clotted red top/SST

- A urine specimen with the label on the cap

- Clotted EDTA

Clotted red top/SST

What is the correct order for donning PPE?

- Gown, mask, face shield, gloves

- Gloves, mask, face shield, gown

- Mask, face shield, gown, gloves

- Gown, face shield, gloves, mask

Gown, mask, face shield, gloves

A wound culture was labeled with the pt's name and DOB, collect date and time, collector ID. Which is true?

- All info was collected and is ready to test

- The specimen should be rejected b/c you need to collect blood

- The specimen should be rejected b/c it was not refrigerated

- The specimen should be rejected b/c it's missing the collection source

The specimen should be rejected b/c it's missing the collection source

Which of the following is a sign that the specimen is icteris?

- Color of the plasma is milky

- Color of the plasma looks like fruit punch

- Color of the plasma looks like Mountain Dew Baja Blast

- Color of the plasma looks dark yellow

Color of the plasma looks dark yellow

An MA tells a pt who refuses to have blood drawwn to calm down or he'll hold them down is committing:

- Negligence

- Battery

- Assault

- Defamation

Assault

Where is CSf collected from?

- Thoracic cavity

- Knee joint

- Abdominal cavity

- Spinal column

Spinal column

Which of the following areas should be used for venipuncture?

- Hematomas

- Edematous tissue

- Deep cephalic veins

- Sclerosed veins

Deep cephalic veins

Which additive is correctly paiored with its purpose?

- Antiglycolytic: separates cells and plasma during centrifugation

- Dextrose: nourishes and preserves cells

- Clot activators: Prevent blood from clotting

- Anticoagulants: Prevents the break down of blood glucose

Dextrose: nourishes and preserves cells

What color tube contains EDTA anti-coagulant?

- Red

- Green

- Light blue

- Lavender/Purple

Lavender/Purple

At-home hCG test is what of the following?

- Test that measures glucose

- None of these answers

- Non-waived test

- Waived test

Waived test

Which of the follwoing is not part of the chain of infection?

- Portal of entry

- Portal of exit

- Means of transmission

- None of the answers

None of the answers

Which of the following is an acceptable container for semen collection?

- None of the answers

- A condom

- Sterile urine cup

- EDTA purple/Lavender top

Sterile urine cup

Which of the following should a patient NOT do before collecting a sputum culture?

- Wear restrictive clothing

- Use an antibacterial hand soap

- Take an antihistamine

- Use an antibacterial mouth wash

Use an antibacterial mouth wash

Which of the following is a physical examination of urine during a urinalysis?

- Glucose

- Smell

- Color

- RBCs

Color

Whta of the following is the main reason why doing a dermal puncture you do not collect from the fifth finger (pinky)?

- None of these

- Decreased tissue

- Increased nerve endings

- Possible calluses

Decreased tissue

A sweat test is often used to diagnose which of the following?

- Hypertension

- Gout

- Cystic Fibrosis

- Diabetes

Cystic Fibrosis

A 3 tube CSF labeled was collected. Which of section should no. 3 be delivered to?

- Serology

- Microbiology

- Chemistry

- Hematology

Hematology

What is a requisition order?

- A doctor's written instructions

- A phlebotomist's list of specimen collections for the day

- The laboratory supply list

- The orderin which specimens need to be collected

A doctor's written instructions

QC is part of the:

- Examination phase

- Pre-examination phase

- Collection phase

- Post-examination phase

Examination phase

Which of the follwoing isn't part of the blood?

- RBCs

- Lymphocytes

- Plasma

- Neurons

Neurons

How much serum can be extracted from a SST tube filled with 7 mL of whole blood from a male?

- 7 mL

- 1 mL

- 3.5 mL

- 2 mL

3.5 mL

Where is POCT most often performed?

- Pt's bedside

- ED

- Hospital laboratory

- Research laboratory

Pt's bedside

How will leaving a green stopper tube for bilirubin test on the counter for more than 1 hour affect the results?

- Specimen will clot

- No effect on the result

- Results will be falsely decreased

- Results will be falsely increased

Results will be falsely decreased

If a pt has cold agglutinins in the serum, what must be done to the specimen after collection?

- Documentation of chain of custody

- Protect from light

- Kept warm

- Kept cold

Kept warm

A glucose meter low level QC runs were 25, 24, 25, 24, 26. The target for this level is btwn 45-55. This means.

- The glucose meter is precise but not accurate

- The glucose meter is accurate and precise

- The glucose meter is not accurate and not precise

- The glucose meter is accurate, but not precise

The glucose meter is precise but not accurate

A STAT in the ICU, a timed in Med Surg, and a routine in the ER. What is the correct collection order?

- ER, Med Surg, ICU

- ICU, ER, Med Surg

- ICU, Med Surg, ER

- ER, ICU, Med Surg

ICU, Med Surg, ER

A phlebotomist came back from a hard stick and was only able to fill half of her sodium citrate tube but was able to get a full sodium heparin tube. There was a lab order for a protime test. Which of the following would you do next?

- The sodium citrate tube could be used to run the coagulation test

- The sodium heparin tube could be used to run the coagulation test

- Reject the sodium citrate specimen and get a new sodium citrate tube

- The sodium citrate tube could be used to run the chemistry test

Reject the sodium citrate specimen and get a new sodium citrate tube

A female patient has a hematocrit of 37%. Which of the following is true?

- The hematocrit is above normal

- The hematocrit is normal

- The hematocrit is below normal

- The hemoglobin is above normal

The hematocrit is normal

You are asked to draw the following chemistry test: Lactic Acid and Ammonia for a patient that is being seen in the ER. Which of the following needs to also accompany the specimens?

- Foil to cover specimens to protect it from light

- Urine also needs to be collected as it is part of the test

- A note to let the tech know that the specimens are shared with hematology

- A cup of ice to keep the specimens refrigerated

A cup of ice to keep the specimens refrigerated

A male patient has a hematocrit of 35%. Which of the following is true?

- The hemoglobin is above normal

- The hematocrit is above normal

- The hematocrit is below normal

- The hematocrit is normal

The hematocrit is below normal

You draw 10 mL of blood in a syringe. The doctor ordered the following: Complete Blood Count [CBC] (Hematology EDTA Lavender: 1 mL), Basic Metabolic Panel [BMP] (Chemistry Sodium Heparin Green 4 mL), Prothrombin Time [PT] (Coagulation Sodium Citrate Light Blue min: 2.7 mL). Using that syringe of full blood, what is the order of draw for the labs?

- green

- light blue

- lavender

1. light blue

2. green

3. lavender

Which of the following must be done to the blood culture bottle before the blood can be collected in it?

- The top of the blood culture bottles must be cleaned with an alcohol swab prior to injecting the blood

- The blood culture bottles must be inverted before collecting the blood in it

- Nothing, the blood culture bottles are ready to collect blood

- antibiotics must be injected into the bottle before injecting the blood

The top of the blood culture bottles must be cleaned with an alcohol swab prior to injecting the blood

Which of the following should a butterfly be used to collect blood?

- Drawing a CBC and blood cultures from the arm of a 2-year old

- All answers

- Drawing a CBC and Blood cultures from the hand of a geriatric patient

- Drawing a CBC and blood cultures from the hand of an oncology patient

All answers

Which of the following is false?

- A hemolyzed (hemolysis) sample is a result of damage to the red blood cells

- A lipemic (lipemia) sample is caused due to lipids not being broken down and metabolized

- An interic (icterus) sample is caused by the increase of bilirubin due to liver dysfunction

- A hemolyzed (hemolysis) sample is caused by the increase of bilirubin in the blood due to liver dysfunction

A hemolyzed (hemolysis) sample is caused by the increase of bilirubin in the blood due to liver dysfunction

According to the slides, which of the following is not included in a sepsis workup?

- Complete Blood Count (CBC)

- Lactic Acid

- Procalcitonin

- Hepatitis Panel

The doctor ordered a Hepatitis Panel. You were able to get at least 7 mL of whole blood in a red top tube and 3 mL of blood in an EDTA lavender top tube. The minimum requirement for a Hepatitis Panel is 3 mL of serum. Which of the following is true

- The blood that was collected in the red top tube is sufficient enough for the test

- The blood that was collected in the EDTA tube is sufficient enough for the test

- The blood is not sufficient, but it is possible if you add the blood from the EDTA tube into the red top tube

- The blood that was collected is not sufficient enough for the test

The blood that was collected in the red top tube is sufficient enough for the test

Which of the following is not a physical component of urinalysis?

- Specific gravity

- Glucose

- Clarity/Turbidity

- Color

Glucose

Part of the Binax COVID-19 test procedure is to ensure the cassette/card's control line develops to validate the test. The control line is what type of control?

- External Control

- Internal Control

- None of the answers

Internal Control