Miología and Cardiovascular/Respiratory Systems Flashcards

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Vocabulary flashcards from Miología and Cardiovascular/Respiratory Systems lectures

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31 Terms

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Contractura muscular

Acortamiento permanente de fibras musculares, distinto a un desgarro (que implica ruptura).

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Epimisio

Cubierta muscular que rodea todo el músculo.

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Perimisio

Envuelve fascículos musculares.

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Endomisio

Rodea fibras musculares individuales.

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Carnosa (Músculo)

Porción del músculo que posee fibras musculares.

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Tendinosa

Tej. Conjuntivo fibroso, encargado de unir el músculo al hueso.

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Fascia profunda

Envuelve al músculo, separándolo por planos.

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Retináculos

Mantienen tendones en posición.

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Vainas y bolsas sinoviales

Reducen fricción, permitiendo el movimiento fluido.

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Components of the cardiovascular system

Heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.

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Pericardium

Fibrous (external rigid layer) and Serous (internal layer with pericardial fluid)

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Atria

Heart chambers that receive blood from the veins.

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Ventricles

Heart chambers that eject blood into the arteries.

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Epicardium

External layer of the heart wall.

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Myocardium

Muscular layer of the heart wall.

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Endocardium

Internal lining of the heart wall.

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Arteries

Blood vessels transporting blood away from the heart.

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Capillaries

Site of exchange between blood and tissues.

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Veins

Blood vessels transporting blood towards the heart.

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Lymphatic System

Composed of: Lymph, Lymphatic vessels, Lymphatic organs (lymph nodes, spleen)

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Pulmonary Circulation

Circulation loop that begins in the right ventricle to the left atrium

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Systemic Circulation

Circulation loop that begins in the left ventricle and finishes in the right atrium.

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System Respiratoy Superior

Includes cavidad nasal, faringe y laringe

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System Respiratoy Inferior

Comprises tráquea, bronquios y pulmones

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Ventilación pulmonar

Inspiración y espiración del aire, facilitando el intercambio de aire entre la atmósfera y los pulmones.

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Respiración pulmonar

Intercambio de gases entre los alvéolos y la sangre.

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Respiración tisular

Intercambio de gases entre la sangre y las células de los tejidos.

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Respiración celular

Reacciones metabólicas dentro de las células que consumen oxígeno y producen dióxido de carbono.

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Traqueobronchial Tree Hierarchy

Trachea → Main Bronchi → Lobar Bronchi → Segmental Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveolar Ducts → Alveolar Sacs

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Alveoli Type I

Cells in charge of the gases exchange.

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Alveoli Type II

Cells the produce surfactant to avoid alveolar collapse.