Unit 11 Population Dynamics Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards based on Unit 11 Population Dynamics Review Sheet.

Habitat

Where an organism lives

Niche

An organism's job/role in an ecosystem

Ecological Succession

The ordered process of ecosystem development

Geographic Distribution

The area inhabited by a population

Birth Rate

The number of births in a given matter of time

Death Rate

The number of deaths in a given period of time

Life Expectancy

How long the average organism should live

Describe how it’s possible that 3 separate types of birds can live in the exact same tree

Although there is habitat overlap, each has its own (unique niche)

Mutualism

++

Commensalism

+0

Parasitism

+-

Predation

+-

Competition

(- and -)

Differentiate between Primary and Secondary succession

Primary takes a loooong time and only occurs where there was no previous life. Secondary takes less than 100 years.

Explain how population growth rate is calculated

Growth rate= birth rate - death rate

Why does migration factor into this unit of study

This can ALSO affect growth rate/ population dynamics

What is density independent and what are examples

It affects the population regardless of size. Ex include natural disasters, pollution, habitat destruction, weather conditions

What is density dependent and what are examples

It affects a population based on its size. Ex include competition, predation, disease, parasitism , resource availability

Differentiate between Bottom up limiting factors, and top down limiting factors

Bottom up is related to food availability

Top down is related to predation

These are factors that influence population size.

What is the benefit of predation to ecosystem as a whole

"Thinning the herd“ of the sick, weak, and old . predation is preferable to starvation

Describe what’s happening to the bacterial population at each portion of the diagram above

A to b shows exponential growth and no limiting factors

B to shows death rate increases, resources becoming limited

C to d shows birth rate=death rate and carrying capacity

What is meant by the demographic shift

As countries get more industrialized , birth rates plummeted & population growth slows dramatically

Why is human population growth a concern?

B/c humans cause a variety of impacts on ecosystems; thus, more humans make problems worse

Interpret the age structure diagrams below

Country x= rapid growth, hasn’t gone through demographic

Country y= stable/shrinking country and death and birth rates are =