Psychology Test #1

Ann went to the pool for swimming practice. she jumped into the pool and found that the water was cold. however after spending time in the cold water, she no longer felt cold temperature this best represents…

Sensory Adaptation

The of Dreams is when the brain tries to make sense of random brain activity that occurs during sleep by combining the activity with memories

Activation Synthesis Theory

There are many ways of altering consciousness including the use of drugs for recreational purposes. The category of drugs that decreases the function of the nervous system and interfere with motor control, motor coordination, reaction time, and slurred speech are…

Depressants

Stacy has been struggling to fall asleep lately. no matter how early she goes to bed, she cannot fall asleep for hours.  once she does fall asleep, she is only able to get a few hours of sleep before she must start her day. based on Stacy symptoms she most likely has…

Insommnia

Which of the following is NOT considered a stimulant?

Alcohol

Ryan smoked cannabis for the first time last month. Since then, he has smoked every other day and found that he needs to increase the amount he smokes to feel as high as he did before this is:

Drug intolerance

What is the main difference between frauds Interpretation of dreams and the activation synthesis hypothesis?

The activation synthesis hypothesis suggests that the dreams are the result of random brain signals that the brain is making sense of activity, whereas Fraud did NOT

witch of the following is true about sleep?

All of the above

According to humans and animals sleep to avoid Being hunted when predators are most active

adaptive theory

According to we must sleep in order to physically replenish chemicals and repair cell damage within the body

Restorative Theory

An experiment study two types of variables are used. one is a variable that is manipulated which is the            . and the other variable of interest that is measured to see what effect the manipulation had on it. That is the .

independent variable ; dependant variable

I created a new job to treat migraines called the “migraine-be-gone”.  I want to conduct an experiment study so that I can hopefully say my new drug causes migraines to go away. Participants in the experimental group will take the drug daily. What should I give  participants in the control group?

Nothing or a sugar pill

  

For my experiment with “Migraine be gone” I need to make sure I use        in order to maximize the likelihood that the experimental and control groups are similar before any treatment begins.

Random assignment

What is the difference between structuralism and functionalism?

Structuralism focuses on understanding the individual building blocks of the mind.

functionalism focuses on how the mind allows people to adapt work and play

Oscar wants to study how elementary school plays at recess. to do this he decides that he will hide somewhere on the playground and record his observation of the children. his methods are an example of

Naturalistic observation

A is?

Frontal lobe

B is?

Occipital lobe

C is?

Parietal

D is?

Temporal lobe

Which of the following methods of thought is characterized by looking at items in the environment as a “unorganized whole”

Gesalt

Which of the following sequences reflects the order in which a signal generally travels through neuron

Dendrite → Soma → Axon → terminal buttons

Dendrites

receive messages

Soma (cell body)

Integrates input

Myelin sheath:

insulates axon for faster conduction

Synapse:

gap between sending axon and receiving dendrite

terminal buttons:

release neurotransmitters

1 is the….

Dendrite

4 is the…..

Axon

2 and 3 are pointing at the…..

Soma/cell body

5 is the….

Terminal button

Axon

Passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands

The image above best represents the Gestalt principle of…

Proximity

Amplitude

Loudness

Frequency

Pitch

are retinal cells that respond to low light and result in black and white perception, while are retinal cells that respond to higher levels of light and results in color perception

Rods ; Cones

Sam is driving on a snow covered road, and her car begins to slide. the quick behavioral response and the increased heart rate and respiration she experiences are most likely due to the      nervous system. the feeling of relief and decrease in her heart rate and respiration once she has the car under control again are most likely due to the       nervous system.

Sympathetic ; parasympathetic

The      consist of the brain and spinal cord, the       consist of the nerve cells outside of the brain and spinal cord (Also contains somatic and automatic nervous systems)

Central nervous system (CNS) ;  Peripheral nervous system (PNS

In a neuron the captures the incoming chemical signal,

while the release the chemical signal.

dendrites ; terminal buttons

Structuralism

Mind only

Functionalism

Behavior + mind

Behaviorism

only behaviors

Gestalt

Undefined whole

Freud is known for what?

Subconscious/unconscious

Humanism

Stresses on human capacity for self-fulfillment, roles of consciousness, self-awareness, and decision making

Existentialism

Stresses on free choice and holds people responsible for the choices 

Social Psychology

study of groups, social roles, and rules of social actions and relationship

Cultural Psychology

study of cultural norms, values, and expectations

Psychodynamic

Development of sense of self, motivation for social/interpersonal relationships

Behavioral

Classical and operant conditioning, concept of reinforcement, focus on observable behavior

Humanistic

The ability of the individual to direct and control his or her own life, free will, self-actualization

Cognitive

Perception, memory, intelligence, thought processes, problem solving, language, learning, the role of the brain and nervous system

Sociocultural

Relationship between social behavior and the contexts of family, social groups, and culture

Biopsychological

Influences of genetics, hormones, and the activity of the nervous system on human and animal behavior

Evolutionary

The biological bases for universal mental characteristics that are shared by all humans

Psychologist (PhD)

behavioral therapy, no meds

psychiatrist (MD)

meds

Humanism

Stresses on human capacity for self-fulfillment, roles of consciousness, self-awareness, and decision making

Existentialism

Stresses on free choice and holds people responsible for the choices

Social Psychology

study of groups, social roles, and rules of social actions and relationship

Cultural Psychology

study of cultural norms, values, and expectations

Psychodynamic

Development of sense of self, motivation for social/interpersonal relationships

Behavioral

Classical and operant conditioning, concept of reinforcement, focus on observable behavior

Humanistic

The ability of the individual to direct and control his or her own life, free will, self-actualization

Cognitive

Perception, memory, intelligence, thought processes, problem solving, language, learning, the role of the brain and nervous system

Sociocultural

Relationship between social behavior and the contexts of family, social groups, and culture

Biopsychological

Influences of genetics, hormones, and the activity of the nervous system on human and animal behavior

Evolutionary

The biological bases for universal mental characteristics that are shared by all humans

Psychologist

PhD: behavioral therapy, no meds

psychiatrist

MD

Experiment

A deliberate manipulation of a variable to see whether corresponding changes in behavior result, allowing the determination of cause-and-effect relationships

Operationalization

specific definition of a variable of interest that allows it to be directly measured

Independent variable

what is changed

Dependent variable

what I expect to change

Experimental group

who gets it

Control group

who doesn’t get it (placebo)

Afferent neurons

Neurons that transmit messages from sensory receptors to the spinal cord and brain.

- When you touch a hot stove these neurons tell your brain "this hurts"

Efferent neurons

neurons that transmit messages from the brain or spinal cord to muscles or glands, also called motor neurons

- When this hurts, you move your hand from the hot stove

Excitatory synapse

neurotransmitter that causes the receiving cell to fire

Inhibitory synapse: neurotransmitter that causes the receiving cell to stop firing