PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT and INFANCY

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13 Terms

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Germinal stage (0–2 weeks)
Fertilization to implantation; creation of zygote.
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Embryonic stage (3–8 weeks)
Implantation to organ/limb formation; cell differentiation.
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Fetal stage (9+ weeks)
Brain development begins; body systems develop.
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Teratogen
Any substance that harms prenatal development (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, mercury).
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Fetal alcohol syndrome
Developmental defects caused by prenatal alcohol exposure.
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Prenatal learning
Newborn preferences can be shaped by mother’s voice, language, and nutrition.
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Rooting reflex
Turning head toward anything that touches the cheek.
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Sucking reflex
Sucking anything placed in the mouth.
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Grasping reflex
Closing hand on objects.
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Habituation
Gradual decrease in attention to repeated stimuli.
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Infant visual range
About 8–12 inches.
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Preference for faces
Babies prefer face-like shapes over other patterns.
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Preference for novelty
Babies show interest in new stimuli.