Reactions in Aqueous Solution ch 7

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to reactions in aqueous solutions, including definitions and examples to aid in understanding and retention.

Solution

Any homogeneous mixture that is physically and chemically the same throughout the whole system.

Solvent

The component present in large amounts in a solution, typically water in aqueous solutions.

Solute

The substance that is dissolved in the solvent and usually present in relatively small amounts.

Aqueous Solubility

The ability of a solute to dissolve in water to form a homogenous mixture.

Electrolyte Solution

Any aqueous solution that conducts electricity.

Strong Electrolyte

A substance that dissociates completely into its constituent ions in solution.

Dissociation

The process where ionic compounds separate into ions when dissolved in water.

Non-Electrolytes

Substances that dissolve in water to form neutral molecules and have no effect on electrical conductivity.

Precipitation Reaction

A reaction that occurs when two soluble ionic solutions react to form an insoluble ionic solid.

Double-Displacement Reaction

A type of chemical reaction where the cations and anions of two reactants exchange places to form new products.

Neutralization Reaction

A chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water.

Molarity (M)

The number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Dilution

The process of decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent.

Oxidation State

A measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a substance.

Reducing Agent

The reactant that is oxidized in a redox reaction, losing electrons.

Oxidizing Agent

The reactant that is reduced in a redox reaction, gaining electrons.

Titration

A common laboratory technique to determine the concentration of a solution by adding a solution of known concentration until the reaction reaches completion.