Health Science 9

Astigmatism

a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea

Myopia

nearsightedness

Lens

the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina. REMOVED DURING CATARACT SURGERY

opthalmoscope

Instrument used to examine the eyes

Hordeolum

sty; an acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid

Glaucoma

a group of eye diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure. TREATMENT GOAL IS TO DECREASE INTRAOCCULAR PRESSURE

PRESBYOPIA

impaired vision as a result of aging, USUALLY AFTER AGE 40

Pinkeye

conjunctival infection caused by bacteria or viruses, highly contagious. Can be transmitted by sharing towels, make

Otitis Media

infection of the middle ear. Treated with ANTIBIOTICS

Diplopia

the perception of two images of a single object; also known as double vision. TREATED BY AN OPTHALMOLOGIST

malleus, incus, stapes

name the 3 bones (ossicles) of the ear

Eustachian tube

connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx (THROAT) and allows passage of air

papillae

bumps on tongue, "TASTE BUDS"

tympanic membrane

The eardrum. A structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves.

Cochlea

spiral shaped organ of hearing in the inner ear (SNAIL)

Eardrum

tympanic membrane

Pinna

the visible part of the ear

Olfactory

cranial nerve #1, relating to the sense of smell

Organ of Corti

Center part of the cochlea, containing hair cells, canals, and membranes

Cerumen

yellow waxy material that lubricates and protects the ear canal

Pupil

opening (hole) in the center of the iris

sclera, choroid, retina

three layers of the eye

Cornea

The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye, "WINDOW OF THE EYE"

Optic Disc

region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina

Conjunctiva

mucous membrane (SAC) that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball

Iris

Colored part of the eye

Orbital cavity

contains the eyes, PROTECTS THE EYES

Sclera

white of the eye

Aqueous Humor

the clear fluid filling the space in the front of the eyeball (ANTERIOR CHAMBER) between the lens and the cornea.

The lens of the eye lies directly behind the

Pupil

Lacrimal Duct

the passageway that drains excess tears into the nose, MAKES OUR NOSE RUN WHEN WE CRY

THE CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE BEHIND THE PUPIL THAT FOCUSES LIGHT RAYS ON THE RETINA IS THE

LENS

What does the pupil do when exposed to bright light?

Constrict

extrinsic eye muscles

Six muscles attach to the outer surface of the eye and produce eye movements. Attached to the Sclera

The size of the IRIS and PUPIL is changed by

INTRINSIC MUSCLES

Accomodation

the process (FUNCTION) by which the eye's LENS changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina

RODS AND CONES

two types of photoreceptors, VISUAL RECEPTORS IN THE RETINA

What is the function of Vitreous Humor?

Maintain eye shape and refract light rays

Lacrimal Glands

produce tears

What is the correct pathway of vision?

cornea, pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve, brain

Tinnitus

ringing in the ears

Vertigo

Condition of dizziness, "room spinning"

Thrush

infection with Candida albicans on the tongue

Glossitis

inflammation of the tongue

Meniere's disease

disorder of inner ear causing vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss

Deviated Septum

defect in the wall between the nostrils that can cause partial or complete obstruction

Touch Receptors

The nerve endings that detect pressure on your skin

Conductive Hearing Loss

occurs when sound waves are prevented from passing from the air to the fluid

sensorineural hearing loss

the most common form of hearing loss, also called nerve deafness; caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves "EAR BUDS"

Macular Degeneration

breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or complete loss of central vision "DIABETES"