Day 1 - Foundations and History of Criminal Investigation

These flashcards cover the key concepts and historical context related to the foundations and history of criminal investigations as discussed in the lecture.

What are the complex processes involved in criminal investigations?

They include crime scenes and evidence collection, requiring extensive knowledge in a wide variety of subjects.

What is a historical context of police in England?

The first 'police' in England worked only at night and were called the 'watch of London,' many of whom were criminals themselves.

Who created England's first policing force?

Henry Fielding created the Bow Street Runners, the first well-known investigators in England.

What significant development happened in 1829 regarding policing in England?

Sir Robert Peel established the first municipal police department in London.

What were officers in the first municipal police department known as?

They were known as 'bobbies' or 'peelers.'

What did William J. Herschel and Henry Faulds discover about fingerprints?

They discovered that fingerprints are unique to an individual and unchangeable.

What major restructuring occurred at Scotland Yard in 1877?

Howard Vincent restructured the Criminal Investigation Department (CID), which became well-known for its investigative methods.

What was significant about the formation of police departments in the United States?

The first municipal law enforcement police department in the United States was established in New York in 1844, followed by Philadelphia and Boston.

What are the six objectives of criminal investigations?

1. Detect Crime, 2. Locate and Identify suspects, 3. Locate, document, and preserve evidence, 4. Arrest Suspects, 5. Recover stolen property, 6. Prepare sound criminal cases for prosecution.