MS GI: PT B.3

Intestinal obstruction

accumulation of intestinal contents ABOVE the area of obstruction

Mechanical intestinal obstruction

physical obstruction in intestines (IO); direct obstruction; subsequent narrowing of passageway

Non-mechanical intestinal obstruction

there is blockage but not physical; absent peristalsis, muscular dystrophy is an example; diabetes, parkinson's dse

Intussusception

part of intestine pumunta sa jntestine din; mechanical risk factor of IO

Hirschsprung's disease

lack of nerve cells in the muscle colon; non-mechanical IO risk factor

Crampy and wavelike colicky

mid abd pain in small bowel (s/s of IO)

Obstipation

may pass out blood and mucus but no stool (s/s of IO)

Alvimopan

increases GI motility in IO mgmt

Ngt insertion

done to decompress in IO mgmt

Chew bubblegum

promotes activity of GI tract in IO mgmt

Prokinetics

medical mgmt for partial obstruction/paralytic ileus in IO

Semi-fowler's

position of pt in IO nursig mgmt

Malabsorption syndrome

Inability to absorb vit A, b12; iron, calcium; CHO, CHON, Fats

Duodenum

absorption site of fe

Ileum

absorption site of b12

Mucosal (transport)

generalized malabsorption, a cause of malabsorption syndrome

Luminal disorders

cause of malabsorption syndrome; lumen problems (?)

Lymphatic disorder

fat transport disorder, a cause of malabsorption syndrome

Schilling test

presence of vitamin B12 in the urine, dx of malabsorption syndrome

High protein, high calories

diet for post-gastrectomy pt in malabsorption syndrome

Low fat

diet for malabsorption syndrome

Anticholinergic (Malabsorption)

inhibit gastric motility

Celiac disease

autoimmune response to consumption of gluten causing inflam of the small intestines leading to loss of fx

IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase

dx of celiac aside from endoscopy and biopsy of proximal intestines

Hemorrhoids

swollen or distended veins in the anorectal region

Positive

hemorrhoids is not significant unless _ bleeding and pain

Prolapse

hemorrhoids is caused by shearing of the mucosa during defecation leading to?

Grade 1

no prolapse, just prominent blood vessels, only bleeds (hemorrhoids)

Grade 2

prolapse upon bearing down but spontaneously reduced (hemorrhoids)

Grade 3

prolapse upon bearing down and requires manual return (hemorrhoids)

Grade 4

permanent prolapse and cannot be manually reduced (hemorrhoids)

Physical exam

dx of hemorrhoids

High-residue

diet for hemorrhoids mgmt