Psych - Social Psychology Day 2

prejudice

“prejudgment”

negative attitude toward/perception of another individual based on group membership

explicit prejudice

consciously held and expressed attitude

implicit prejudice

unconsciously held prejudice that is not expressed directly

sources of prejudice

social inequities - just-world-phenomenon. good is rewarded, evil is punished

in vs out groupthinking - social identity theory

scapegoat theory - look for someone to blame

cognitive roots of prejudice

categorization - tend to categorize people

outgroup homogeneity effect - tend to treat ‘outgroup’ members as being homogenous (the same)

vivid cases - like terrorism

aggression

behavior with intent to harm or cause pain to someone

hostile aggression

goal is to inflict pain

instrumental aggression

aggression used to achieve a different goal (like sports)

social-cultural causes of aggression

evolutionary benefits?

aversive events/evironment

social learning

frustration-aggression principle

script theory (media and aggression)

default to ‘scripts’ when in ambiguous situations, violent media → scripts

so vilent media connected to increased aggressive behavior

bystander effect

when bystanders do not intervene, show apparent apathy

diffusion of responsibility when there’s a lot of other bystanders who also saw

altruism

drive to help others, even if the costs outweigh the benefits

empathy

capacity to understand another’s perspective and emotional experience

social exchange theory

weigh the social costs and benefits

compassion

feelings of concern for someone’s well-being, believed to be connected to empathy

how is compassion different from altruism?

altruism is considered a behavior or act while compassion is believed to be an emotion that may motivate the altruism

what predicts relationship success?

reciprocity and self-disclosure

what is the most influential predictor of forming a new relationship?

proximity and contact

what are the predictors of attraction?

proximity - mere exposure effect, repeated exposure → liking

similarity - interests, attitudes, and beliefs in common

social and physical attributes

sternberg’s triangular theory of love

passion, commitment, and intimacy