Acids and Bases

Give the formula for Hydrochloric acid

HCl

Give the formula for Sulfuric acid

H2SO4

Give the formula for Nitric acid

HNO3

Give the formula for Ethanoic acid

CH3COOH

Give the formula for Sodium Hydroxide

NaOH

Give the formula for Potassium Hydroxide

KOH

Give the formula for Ammonia

NH3

Define the term ‘acid’

Releases H+ ions in aqueous solutions

Define the term ‘alkali’

Releases OH- ions in aqueous solutions

Define the term ‘strong acid’

H+ ions completely dissociate in aqueous solutions

Define the term ‘weak acid’

H+ ions partially dissociate in aqueous solutions

Define the term ‘neutralisation’ in 2 ways

• The reaction of H+ ions and OH- ions to form H2O

• The reaction of acids and bases to form salts

When reacting an acid and a metal, it produces

• A salt

• Hydrogen gas

When reacting an acid and a metal oxide, it produces

• A salt

• Water

When reacting an acid and a metal hydroxide, it produces

• A salt

• Water

When reacting an acid and a metal carbonate, it produces

• A salt

• Water

• Carbon dioxide

Define the term ‘standard solution’

A solution of known concentration

How do you prepare a standard solution?

• Weigh out required mass of the base & add to beaker

• Dissolve the base by stirring it in distilled water

• Pour solution into a 250cm3 volumetric flask

• Rinse beaker and stirring rod with distilled water & pour into the volumetric flask

• Add distilled water to the volumetric flask until the bottom of the meniscus is exactly on the graduation line

• Place stopper in and invert the flask several times to mix solution thoroughly

Recall the equation that links moles, volume and concentration

Moles (mol) = volume (dm3) x concentration (mol dm-3)