Potential Difference and Capacitance

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to potential difference and capacitance, aiding in exam preparation.

Potential Difference (p.d.)

The work done when a charge of 1 Coulomb moves from one point to another, measured in Volts.

Volt (V)

The unit of potential difference, defined as the potential difference when one Joule of work is done to move one Coulomb of charge.

Capacitance (C)

The ratio of charge on a conductor to its potential, measured in Farads (F).

Capacitor

An electrical device used to store electrical charge.

Formula for Work

Work = Voltage × Charge.

Factors affecting capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor

1. Overlap area, 2. Distance between the plates, 3. Permittivity of the medium.

Energy stored in a capacitor

Can be demonstrated by charging a capacitor and observing a bulb flash upon discharging.

Electric Field Strength (E)

The force experienced per unit charge in an electric field, measured in Newtons per Coulomb (N/C).

Farad (F)

The unit of capacitance, equal to one Coulomb per Volt.

Formula for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor

C = ε (A/d), where ε is the permittivity, A is the area, and d is the distance between the plates.

Work done in capacitor formula

W = 1/2 CV^2, calculating energy stored in a capacitor.

Direct Current (d.c.)

An electric current that flows consistently in one direction.

Alternating Current (a.c.)

An electric current that periodically reverses direction.