From Gene to Polypeptide, Codons, & Exons/Introns
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Archibald Garrod
studied the inherited disease alkaptonuria
what was A. Garrod’s hypothesis
“one gene, one enzyme”
alkaptonuria (dark urine disease)
phenylalanine (amino acid that breaks N) → homogentisic acid: when oxidized (not flushed) it turns black
what did G. Beadle & E. Tatum modify Garrod’s hypothesis into
the “one gene, one protein (polypeptide)” hypothesis
why did Beadle & Tatum modify Garrod’s hypothesis
because all enzymes are proteins, but not all proteins are enzymes
what are the 2 steps that genetic code converts into a polypeptide
transcription & translation
codons
basic unit involved in translation consisting of triplets of nucleotides
what is the # of possible codons
4³ = 64
what are also added into the total codon count
stop codons & start codons
exons
translatable regions
introns
non translatable region
Note 
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