USH Mod 11

Fascism

governmental system in which property is privately owned, but all industry and labor are regulated by a strong national government, while all opposition is rigorously suppressed

communism

a political, social, and economic system in which the state, governed by an elite party, controls production, labor, and distribution, and largely, the social and cultural life and thought of the people

socialism

a system of social organization by which the major means of production and distribution are owned, managed, or controlled by the government, by associations of workers, or by the community as a whole

dictator

a person who uses absolute authority, especially a person who without having any claim through inheritance or free popular election, seizes control of a government

totalitarian

of or having to do with a government controlled by one political group which suppresses all opposition, often with force, and which controls many aspects of people's lives

in ruins

Following WWI the European economy was \___ \______, none more than Germany

German

\____________ economy was devastated

Inflation and political turmoil

\________ and \_________ \_______ plagued Germany

4.2 trillion

In 1914, the exchange rate of the German mark to the American dollar was about 4.2 to one. Nine years later, it was \____ \_________ to one

new menu prices, half hour

Waiters had to climb on top of tables to announce \_______ \________ \_________ every \______ \________.

wheelbarrows

Workers brought ____to work to collect their wages.

wages

According to one story, a distracted worker found that his suitcase was stolen, with his \______ dumped out and left behind.

totalitarian leaders, new glory

With the dissatisfaction in Europe following WWI the path was set for \____________ \________ that promised \____ \______

Benito Mussolini

dictator of Italy

Fascist totalitarian

Benito Mussolini was \________ \___________

Adolf Hitler

Nazi dictator of Germany

Fascist socialist

Hitler was \________ \________

1936, living space

In \_______, Hitler began seizing "\______ \_______" (Lebensraum)

Francisco Franco

dictator of Spain

fascist

Francisco Franco was \_______

Civil War

In 1936, Franco led a \_______ \_____

Hitler and Mussolini

Franco's civil war was supported by \________ and \_______

Joseph Stalin

dictator of the Soviet Union

communist

Joseph Stalin was a \_________ dictator

Hideki Tojo

\________ \________ was a military leader of Japan

Manchuria

In 1931 __, Tojo invaded ______ under military leadership

appeasement

In response to the totalitarian leaders, the international community did little to nothing - \_________

seize territory

Hitler and Germany continued to \_______ \________

alliance

Hitler formed an \________ with Mussolini

non-aggression pact

Hitler formed a \______-\______ \_______ with Stalin

Great Britain and France

Because Nazi Germany invaded Poland, \__________ and \________ declared war on Germany (the Allies)

Operation Dynamo

Miracle at Dunkirk

May 1940, June

In \_______ \______, Nazi Germany invaded France, the invaded country surrendered in \______

June 1940, Britain

In \_______ \_______, Battle of \_________ happened because Nazi Germany tried to invade it

Britain

by late 1940 Hitler had to call off the attempted invasion of \_______

Eagle Squadrons

\_______ \_______ from the US flew beside British comrades in fighter and bomber escorts in Battle of Britain

1940, Japan

In \_____ \_______ entered into an international alliance

Japan, Germany, Italy, Axis Powers

the alliance between \_________, \_________, and \_______ was known as the \_______ \_________

China, Pacific

Japan continued their expansion in the \_______ and the \________

August 1941, embargo on oil and steel

In \_______ \________, the US reacted to Japan's expansion with an \________ \____ \______ \____ \_________

October 1941, Tojo, go to war

In \______ \________, General \_____ took control of Japan and was willing to \_____ \_____ \_______to build a Japanese empire

neutrality, isolationist

Following WWI the US was committed to \__________ and \_________ policy

Neutrality Act of 1935

this made it difficult for the US to go to war

harder

Throughout the 1930s it became \_______ for the US to stay neutral and isolated

1939, Cash-and-Carry

In \_______ - FDR and the US started the policy known as \____-\____-\______

supply resources to the Allies, cash, transported

The Cash-and-Carry policy made it so the US would \_____ \_________ \____ \_____ \_______ long as they paid \_______ and \________ the goods themselves

all aid short of war

In 1940, the Cash-and-Carry policy became an "\____ \_____ \______ \_____ \_____"

1940, Lend-Lease Act

In late \_______ the US started the \_____-\______ \_____

weapons, Great Britain, pay

With the Lend-Lease Act, it meant the US would provide \_________ to \______ \________ regardless of if they could \_____ or not

Churchill

\________ was the Prime Minister of Britain

1941, Churchill, Roosevelt, Atlantic Charter

In \_______, The British PM (\_____) and \_________ agreed to the \______ \______

shared goals against Hitler

The Atlantic Charter consisted of \______ \______ \_______ \________

US Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

December 7th 1941 Japan attacked the \____ \______ \________ in \______ \_______, \_________

embargo

Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in response to US' \_____ earlier that year

anger, neutrality

To response to the Pearl Harbor, Americans reacted with \________ and many no longer cared \___________

war on Japan

On December 8, 1941 the US declared \_____ \____ \_______

Germany and Italy

\_________ and \_________ followed up US's announcement by declaring war on the US

avenge

After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941) the US was determined to \_______ the attack

Get Japan first

The initial cry of Americans was "\_______ \______ \_______"

Britain, Get Germany FIrst

The government, in the ABC-1 agreement, strategized with \________ to "\_______ \_______ \_______"

time

With the US now involved the Allies had the firepower to win the war, but the big question was whether or not they had the \_____

mobilize troops, weapons, and supplies, Britain and The Soviet Union were defeated

The challenge was for the US to \________ \_________, \_________, and \__________ before \_______ and \____ \________ \_______ \_____ \_________

war against the Axis powers

The attack on Pearl Harbor brought most Americans together in favor of \____ \________ \____ \_______ \_________ (political difference or differences in heritage meant much less than in WWI)

internment camps

Japanese Americans however were singled out and many forced to \_______ \_________

Executive Order No. 9066

Japanese Americans being sent to internment camps authorized under \__________ \__________ __. \______

War Production Board, weapons, aircrafts, tanks

Through the \______ \_________ \______ (WPB) American factories produced billions of dollars worth of \_____,\______, \_______, etc. - the major boost the economy needed

Rationing, limited supplies of raw materials

\__________ of certain items became essential because of \_______ \________ \__ \_____ \___________

Farmers, investments in farming technology

\_______ began producing more thanks to \__________ \___ \________ \____________

Americans, war efforts, sacrifices

\________ were generally committed to the \___ \______ and willing to make \_______

factories and farms, workers

The military draft took many working age men from the \___________ and \____________ - \______ had to be found to replace them

Mexicans, Agriculture

Thousands of \__________ were brought in to work in \____________

6 million women

Over \____ \________ \________ went to work outside the home

new places in nation, military training, work

Americans saw \_____ \_______ \___ \________ as they either relocated for \________ \_______ or moved for _

blacks, South, jobs in war plants

1.6 million \________ left the \________ seeking \_____ \____ \______ \________

Double V

Blacks came in rallied behind the "\_______ _"

victory over the dictators abroad and racism at home

The Double V was the .......

migration of African Americans, three decades

The \_________ \__ \_______ \_______ continued for \______ \________ after the war ended

Native, of the reservations

\_______ Americans migrated off \____ \_____ \___________

code talkers

Many joined the military and made great contributions as "\_____ \________"

suffered little

Americans, compared to the other fighting nations, \____________ \_______ as a result of the war

doubling GNP from 1940 to 1945

The war brought a much needed boost to the struggling economy in the US- \________ \_____ from \______ to \________

territory in East and Southeast Asia

After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor they quickly began taking as much \________ \____ \______ \_____ \____________ \_______ as as they could

Philippines, Japan in May 1942

The last major American stronghold, the \__________, was taken by \________ \___ \_______ \________ - Bataan Death March

Australia, semblance victory in the naval battle, Coral Sea

As Japan continued southward toward \_________, American, with this country's support, finally gained a \_____ \_______ \__ \____ \______ \________ in the \______ \______ (May 1942)

Midway, Hawaii

Japan next focused on the island of \_______ (just to the northwest of \________)

The Battle of Midway

\_____ \_________ \____ \_________, June 3-6, 1942, was a MAJOR victory for the US

island hopping

The Battle of Midway was when the US initiated its "\_________ \________" strategy

August 1944, Marianas

By \________ \_____, the US had secured the \_________and could reach the Japanese mainland with bombers

west, allies, Axis Powers,

In the \______, the \________ were fighting the \_____ \_______

North Atlantic, Africa, and the Soviet Union

The allies and Axis Powers were fighting in the \__________ \_________, \________ and the \_________ \________

allies, victory of the Atlantic in 1943, England

The \_______ finally gained \_______ \___ \___ \________ \___ \________ protecting \__________

Africa, Axis, Suez Canal

In \________, the \______ advanced to the \______ \_______ was halted in October 1942

Soviet Union, Germans

In the \_________ \___________, the \_________ were defeated and pushed back in November 1942

second front

However the Soviets badly needed a \_________ \_______ to open up in the war in the west

Dwight D. Eisenhower

The Allies did this in North Africa led by American General \_________ _. \___________ in November 1942 (Operation Torch)

Italy

The allies then turned to \_______

Tuskegee Airmen

African American pilots

Soviets, second front

The Allies still owed the \________ a legitimate \_______ \______

Tehran conference, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin, Strategy

In late 1943 at the \__________ \________, \_______, \____________, and \________ met to discuss \_______

D-Day

On June 6, 1944, __-\_____, the real second front in the west was opened up