Ecology test 1

All the quiz question in one place (ch 1-4)

All organisms interact with features in their environments.

Which of the following statements about the nature of organismal interactions is true?

1) Only organisms living near one another are strongly connected to each other.

2) All organisms interact with features in their environments.

3) Organisms can only be directly connected through their ties to shared features of the environment

4) Connections among organisms are generally unimportant to their ecological success and function.

All organisms interact with features in their environments.

Two species may interact directly or indirectly, but not both.

Which of the following statements about species interactions is false?

1) Two species that interact directly with each other must share the same environment.

2) Two species may live in the same area but have little influence on each other.

3) Two species that do not interact directly with each other can be connected indirectly by shared features of their environment.

4) Two species may interact directly or indirectly, but not both.

Events in the natural world are connected.

What does the research on Ribeiroai parasites illustrate?

Ecology is an interdisciplinary field that draws from natural sciences, politics, and ethics.

Which statement about ecology is false?

1) Ecology involves the scientific study of interactions between organism and their environment.

2) Ecology is an interdisciplinary field that draws from natural sciences, politics, and ethics.

3) Ecology involves the scientific study of interactions that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms.

4) Ecological research can focus on many scales, from individual up to biospheres.

A short temporal scale (seconds or hours)

An ecologist documenting how leaves respond to momentary increases in the availability of sunlight might work with what type of scale?

1) A small spatial scale (centimeters or meters)

2) A short temporal scale (seconds or hours) ‘

3) A large spatial scales (kilometers)

4) A temporal scales (decades or centuries)

3) Biosphere; landscapes; ecosystem; community; population

Which sequence represents the correct order of levels of biological organization, from largest to smallest?

1) Biosphere; ecosystem; landscapes; population; community

2) Biosphere; population; ecosystem; community; landscapes

3) Biosphere; landscapes; ecosystem; community; population

4) Ecosystem; biosphere; landscapes; community; population

Interviews and surveys

Which of the following methods is not often used by ecologists?

1) Controlled laboratory experiments

2) interviews and surveys

3) Quantitative mathematical models and statistical analysis

4) Field experiments

Both 2 & 3

What does research into the effects of pesticides on frog deformities described in class and your textbook suggest?

1) Field experiments do not allow for ecological impacts to be examined under different conditions.

2) Conditions in field experiments cannot be controlled as precisely as laboratory experiments.

3) A combination of field and lab experiments provides the best approach for understanding ecological phenomena.

4) Both 2 & 3

A significant increase in temperature evaluated over three decade

Which of the following would be considered a climatic phenomenon rather than a weather event?

1) A cold spell with subfreezing temperatures lasting two weeks

2) A significant increase in temperature evaluated over three decade

3) A heat wave lasting for two weeks

4 ) Both a and c

Both a and b

Which of the following is true with regard to the ecological effects of extreme weather events?

1) They are as important as the average climate in influencing geographic distributions.

2) They can determine the disappearance of organisms through the effect on mortality.

3) They are less important than the average climate

4) Both a and b

Sensible heat flux is tied to convection and conduction, while latent heat flux is connected to evapotranspiration

What is the difference between sensible and latent heat flux?

1) Sensible heat flux results from the Earth’s albedo, while latent heat flux is related to solar radiation input

2) Sensible heat flux is tied to convection and conduction, while latent heat flux is connected to evapotranspiration

3) Only sensible heat flux is influential on biological processes

4) Sensible heat flux is being altered by climate change, but latent heat flux is not

Receipt of the highest solar radiation near the equator that establishes a circulation cell with low pressure in the tropics and high-pressure zones to the north and south

The tropical climate zone and deserts to the north and south of the tropics both occur as a result of which of the following?

1) Zones of high pressure associated with subsidence at the equator that enhance storm formation

2) Upwelling ocean currents that create zones of low pressure that form the boundary of the tropics

3) Receipt of the highest solar radiation near the equator that establishes a circulation cell with low pressure in the tropics and high-pressure zones to the north and south

4) Both a and b

The prevailing winds appear to be deflected to the right (clockwise) in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left (counterclockwise) in the Southern Hemisphere.

How does the Coriolis effect appear to an observer on the Earth's surface?

1) There is no apparent deflection in the direction of prevailing winds

2) The prevailing winds appear to be deflected to the right (clockwise) in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left (counterclockwise) in the Southern Hemisphere.

3) The prevailing winds appear to be deflected to the left (counterclockwise) in the Northern Hemisphere and to the right (clockwise) in the Southern Hemisphere.

4) The prevailing winds appear to blow toward the poles

All of the above

Which of the following is true of the prevailing wind patterns at Earth's surface?

1) They result from differential reception of solar radiation of Earths surface.

2) They are associated with the positions of large high- and low- pressure cells.

3) They influence the major ocean currents

4) All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following influences global temperature patterns?

1) Ocean currents

2) The distribution of land and water

3) Elevation

4) All of the above

Lower heat capacity of the land compared to the ocean, resulting in a greater change in temperature per unit of heat absorbed

The large seasonal change in temperature in the center of large continents at high latitudes is a result of which of the following?

1) Persistent high pressure in the center of continents

2) Geater heat capacity of land, resulting in more radiation absorption

3) Lower heat capacity of the land compared to the ocean, resulting in greater change in temperature per unit of heat absorbed

3) The strong influence of ocean currents in these regions

Both b and c

Which of the following contributes to cooler temperatures in mountains relative to surrounding lowlands?

Lower heat capacity of the ground surface due to drier soils

Lower density of air molecules, enabling them to absorb energy radiated from the ground surface

Greater mixing of air near the surface with the surrounding atmosphere

4) Both b and c