fss 308.2 - heat transfer processes between the earth and the atmosphere

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22 Terms

1
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Heat transfer occurs through one of four processes:

  • Radiation

  • Conduction

  • Convection

  • Advection

2
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Radiation is the process of heat energy transfer in the form of ____. In weather, the source of radiation is ____.

electromagnetic waves, the sun

3
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In conduction, heat energy is transferred by _____ of two bodies at different temperatures.

direct conduct

4
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In meteorology, conduction can only occur if the warmed or cooled air must be is in direct contact with _____.

a surface of a different temperature

5
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In meteorology, convection is a circular motion that occurs when air that is ______ than the surrounding air, rises while ______ drops to replace it.

warmer, cooler air

6
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Convection is an uneven process depending on the ______ and, on hot, sunny days, is widespread.

surface radiating the heat

7
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Compared to green surfaces, the heated surfaces of asphalt create strong convection currents known as ____.

updrafts

8
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Advection is the _____ transfer of energy by movement, due to ____.

horizontal, wind

9
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Heat transfer is the exchange of thermal energy between ____.

physical systems

10
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The rate of heat transfer is dependent on _____ and the properties of the intervening medium through which the heat is transferred.

the temperatures of the systems

11
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Radiation heating occurs when _____ heats the atmosphere by _____.

the Earth, long wave radiation

12
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Radiation cooling is when the air near the surface gives up its heat to the colder earth by process of ______.

Because it is initiated by radiation losses making the earth cooler at night, it is called radiation cooling.

conduction

13
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Conduction effectiveness depends entirely on the medium’s conducting. In the atmosphere, air only conducts heat in the meter _____.

lowest to the surface

14
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Advection cooling is when advected _____ moves over _____ such as earth, ice, or water, causing heat transfer to take place and the air to cool.

warm air, cooler surface

15
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When advected ____ moves over ____ such as the earth or water, heat transfer will take place and the air will warm. This process is called advection heating.

cool air, warmer surface

16
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The earth is cooled when energy is transferred between the earth’s surface and the atmosphere via _____.

radiation and advection

17
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Why is conduction only effective at the bottom metre of the atmosphere?

Air is an extremely bad conductor

18
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What is the process called when heat is transferred by waves?

Radiation

19
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What is the process called when heat is transferred by contact?

Conduction

20
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What is the cooling process initiated by radiation losses from the earth at night?

Radiation cooling

21
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Heat transfer by horizontal movement of the air is called _____.

advection

22
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Heat transfer by vertical movement of the air is called _____.

convection