fss 308.2 - heat transfer processes between the earth and the atmosphere

Heat transfer occurs through one of four processes:

• Radiation

• Conduction

• Convection

• Advection

Radiation is the process of heat energy transfer in the form of ____. In weather, the source of radiation is ____.

electromagnetic waves, the sun

In conduction, heat energy is transferred by _____ of two bodies at different temperatures.

direct conduct

In meteorology, conduction can only occur if the warmed or cooled air must be is in direct contact with _____.

a surface of a different temperature

In meteorology, convection is a circular motion that occurs when air that is ______ than the surrounding air, rises while ______ drops to replace it.

warmer, cooler air

Convection is an uneven process depending on the ______ and, on hot, sunny days, is widespread.

surface radiating the heat

Compared to green surfaces, the heated surfaces of asphalt create strong convection currents known as ____.

updrafts

Advection is the _____ transfer of energy by movement, due to ____.

horizontal, wind

Heat transfer is the exchange of thermal energy between ____.

physical systems

The rate of heat transfer is dependent on _____ and the properties of the intervening medium through which the heat is transferred.

the temperatures of the systems

Radiation heating occurs when _____ heats the atmosphere by _____.

the Earth, long wave radiation

Radiation cooling is when the air near the surface gives up its heat to the colder earth by process of ______.

Because it is initiated by radiation losses making the earth cooler at night, it is called radiation cooling.

conduction

Conduction effectiveness depends entirely on the medium’s conducting. In the atmosphere, air only conducts heat in the meter _____.

lowest to the surface

Advection cooling is when advected _____ moves over _____ such as earth, ice, or water, causing heat transfer to take place and the air to cool.

warm air, cooler surface

When advected ____ moves over ____ such as the earth or water, heat transfer will take place and the air will warm. This process is called advection heating.

cool air, warmer surface

The earth is cooled when energy is transferred between the earth’s surface and the atmosphere via _____.

radiation and advection

Why is conduction only effective at the bottom metre of the atmosphere?

Air is an extremely bad conductor

What is the process called when heat is transferred by waves?

Radiation

What is the process called when heat is transferred by contact?

Conduction

What is the cooling process initiated by radiation losses from the earth at night?

Radiation cooling

Heat transfer by horizontal movement of the air is called _____.

advection

Heat transfer by vertical movement of the air is called _____.

convection