Anatomy and Physiology Exam Review

Flashcards covering key concepts from anatomy and physiology lecture notes.

Peritoneum

The serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.

Coronal Plane

The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Flat Bone

A type of bone that includes the scapula.

Axial Skeleton

The part of the skeleton that includes the sternum.

Compact Bones

This is not a classification of bones based on their shape.

Incorrect Statement about Skeletal System

The hip bone is a part of the axial skeleton.

Hinge Joint

The type of joint that is exemplified by the elbow joint.

Gliding Joint

An example is the wrist joint.

Endomysium

The connective tissue that surrounds each individual muscle fiber.

Perimysium

The connective tissue that encircles a group of muscle fibers to form a fascicle.

Visceral Layer

The pleura that completely covers the outer surfaces of the lungs.

Pleural Effusion

The term used to describe the accumulation of fluid in the pleura.

Accessory Organ of Digestion

The pancreas is considered an accessory organ in digestion.

Curvatures of the Stomach

The greater and lesser curvatures are the two borders of the stomach.

Heart Wall Layers

The three layers are epicardium, myocardium, endocardium in order from external to internal.

Right Ventricle

The heart chamber that the pulmonary trunk carries blood into the pulmonary circuit.

Lymphatic System Components

The two main components are lymphatic tissues and lymphatic vessels.

Not a Function of Lymphatic System

Transportation of nutrients is not a function of the lymphatic system.

Cranial Nerve V

Controls the muscles responsible for chewing (mastication).

Cranial Nerve VII

Responsible for controlling facial expressions and taste sensation from the posterior one-third of the tongue.

T3 and T4

Compounds related to thyroid hormone.

Calcitonin

The hormone produced by parafollicular cells.

Ureters

Function to transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Distal Convoluted Tubule

The part of the nephron that connects to the collecting duct.

Ductus Deferens

Part of the duct system that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.

Internal Genital Tract

Includes the perineum.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

The type of epithelium that forms the epidermis.

Dermis

The layer of the skin formed by the underlying connective tissue.

Frontal Bone

The bone that forms the superior wall (roof) of the orbital cavity.

Optic Nerve (CN II)

The structure that passes through the optic canal in the orbital cavity.

Pinna (Auricle)

The part of the ear responsible for collecting sound waves and directing them into the ear canal.

Cochlea

Not part of the middle ear.