Foundations of Nursing Practice: Cancer

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to the nursing practice and management of patients with cancer.

Initiation

The first stage of cancer development where cellular changes occur due to carcinogen exposure or spontaneously, leading to potential cell damage.

Carcinogen

A substance that causes cancer; examples include UV light, chemicals, and certain viruses like HIV and HPV.

Progression

The stage in cancer development characterized by increased growth rate, invasiveness, and the potential for metastasis.

TNM Classification

A system used to describe the amount and spread of cancer by classifying tumors, lymph nodes, and metastasis.

Tumor Angiogenesis

The process by which a tumor develops its own blood supply to sustain its growth.

Biologic therapy

A type of cancer treatment that uses the immune system to fight cancer or to improve the body's natural defense mechanisms.

Chemotherapy

A systemic treatment using chemicals to destroy cancer cells, often involving specific drugs administered intravenously or orally.

Palliation

Treatment aimed at relieving symptoms rather than curing the disease, particularly in advanced stages of cancer.

Mucositis

A common side effect of chemotherapy that causes inflammation and ulceration of the mucosal lining of the mouth.

Neutropenia

A condition characterized by low levels of neutrophils, making patients more susceptible to infections.