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According to the background slides, what was the general trend of power for the kings of England since the 1000s AD?

They had been getting more and more powerful.

After William the Conqueror's death, powerful kings held control primarily through what means?

Through force.

What was King John's common, unfavorable nickname?

Bad King John.

King John lost control over many lands located in what country?

France.

To fund his army after losing French lands, King John demanded more and from his nobles.

taxes; military service

King John's efforts to fund his army led to conflict with his barons over what two issues?

Taxes and royal power.

In what year had England's leaders reportedly 'had enough' of King John?

1215

What was the condition of King John's army in 1215 that allowed the nobles to seize the moment?

His army was weak from fighting in France.

What group of people made King John sign the Magna Carta?

Rebellious barons.

What does the Latin term "Magna Carta" translate to in English?

Great Charter.

Where was the Magna Carta signed?

At Runnymede, beside the River Thames.

According to King John's fictional narrative, he was unpopular partly because he lived in the shadow of his popular older brother, who was named ____.

Richard

King John claims in the reading that he had to sign the Magna Carta against his ____.

will