bio notes 3/5/25

Crenate

To shrivel or shrink, particularly in reference to red blood cells losing water in a hypertonic solution.

Plasmolysis

The process where plant cells lose water in a hypertonic solution, leading to the separation of the plasma membrane from the cell wall.

Osmoregulate

The process by which organisms maintain the balance of water and solutes in their bodies.

Uniport

A type of active transport that moves one type of molecule in one direction across a membrane.

Simport

A type of active transport that moves multiple types of molecules in one direction across a membrane.

Antiport

A type of active transport that moves multiple types of molecules in opposite directions across a membrane.

Endocytosis

The process through which cells internalize substances by engulfing them in a vesicle.

Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis where a cell engulfs large particles or other cells, often for digestion.

Microvilli

Finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption.

Peroxisomes

Cell structures found in both plant and animal cells that contain enzymes for breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances.