AP chemistry-VSEPR MOLECULAR GEOMETRY

Linear

A molecule where the atoms are in a straight line and is typically non-polar with a 180 degree bond angle.

-no lone pairs

-2 electron pairs

Lone pairs

Electrons dumped on the center atom that compresses bond angles

Electron pairs

All bonds count as one electron pair. (Lone pairs + pairs) or (dots+lines)

Trigonal Planar

A molecule with three atoms around the center atom and no lone pairs usually a non polar molecule.

• sp2

• 3 electron pairs

• 0 lone pairs

• 120 degree bond angle

Bent/angular

A molecule with 3 electron pairs, one lone pair and two molecules on the center atom.

• sp2

• Polar

• Less than 120 degree bond angle

• 3 electron pairs

• 1 lone pair

Tetrahedral

A molecule with 4 atoms around the center atom and 0 lone pairs.

• 4 electron pairs

• 0 lone pairs

• Sp3

• Nonpolar

• 109.5 degree bond angle

Trigonal pyramidal

A molecule with 3 atoms around the center atom and 1 lone pair

• 4 electron pairs

• 1 lone pair

• Sp3

• Polar

• 107 degree bond angle

Bent/angular

A molecule with 2 atoms on the central atom and 2 lone pairs

• 4 electron pairs

• 2 lone pairs

• Sp3

• Polar

• 104.5 degree bond angle

Trigonal bipyramidal

A molecule with 5 atoms around the central atom with 0 lone pairs

• 5 electron pairs

• 0 lone pairs

• Sp3d

• Non-polar

See-saw

A molecule with 4 atoms around the central atom and 1 lone pair.

• 5 electron pairs

• 1 lone pair

• Sp3d

• Polar

T-Shaped

A molecule with 3 atoms around the central molecule and 2 lone pairs.

• 5 electron pairs

• 2 lone pairs

• Sp3d

• Polar

Linear

A molecule with 2 atoms on the central atom and 3 lone pairs.

• 5 electron pairs

• 3 lone pairs

• Sp3d

• Non-polar

Octahedral

A molecule with 6 atoms on the central atom and 0 lone pairs.

• 6 electron pairs

• 0 lone pairs

• Sp3d2

• Nonpolar

Square pyramidal

A molecule with 5 atoms on the central atom and 1 lone pair..

• 6 electron pairs

• 1 lone pair

• Sp3d2

• Polar

Square planar

A molecule with 4 atoms on the central atom with 2 lone pairs

• 6 electron pairs

• 2 lone pairs

• Sp3d2

• Non-polar

T-shaped

Three atoms on the central atom with 3 lone pairs.

• 6 electron pairs

• 3 lone pairs

• Sp3d2

• Polar

Linear

A molecule with 2 atoms on the central atom and 4 lone pairs.

• 6 electron pairs

• 4 lone pairs

• Sp3d2

• Non-polar

What shape is this?

Trigonal Planar

What shape is this?

Linear