Nurse Hub Anatomy

Ligament

A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn?

Carrots

A patient who is on a plant-based diet complains that their skin is appearing to take on a yellowish color. Which is the following foods would you expect the patient to have eaten a large amount of?

Extensive bleeding

A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of?

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium

Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system?

Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down

Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?

Melanoma

Which of the following types of cancer would present warning signs that are identified using the ABCDE method?

Cell membrane

Which organelle is responsible for responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the cell?

Radius and ulna

The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones?

Ulna

Which of the following is not a bone of the lower extremities?

To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes

What is the purpose of gastric mucous?

Tissues

Which of the following is defined as "a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that carry out a specific function together?"

Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, flat feet and directed forward, and the palms facing anteriorly

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow

What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur?

The flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and clavicles

Which bones form via intramembranous ossification?

They secrete hormones directly into the blood

What is the function of endocrine glands?

Lactic acid

Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles?

Behind the knee

Where is the popliteal artery located?

Ball and socket

The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint?

Urethra

Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system?

Lysosomes

Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes?

Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate

What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate?

Vastus lateralis

Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg?

Ceruminous

Which of the following glands secrete ear wax?

Pelvic

The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions?

Oral cavity

Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal?

Left ventricle

Which of the four chambers of the heart has the thickets muscular wall?

Carries oxygen to tissues and organs

Which of the following best describes the primary function of hemoglobin?

The mediastinum

Which of the following is located in the thoracic cavity?

Left atrium

Using the provided image, choose the anatomical structure designated by letter B

The front of the lower extremities

Where is the tibialis anterior located?

Fallopian tube

In which of the following reproductive structures does the fertilization?

Sagittal

Which plane divides the body into left and right sides?

DNA

Which of the following is a molecule carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction for all organisms?

Bone to bone

Which type of connection do ligaments create?

Ureter

Urine travels from the kidney to the urinary bladder through which structure?

The hypothalamus is commonly known as the "master gland"

Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is false?

Abductors

Which of the following muscles pulls a body part away from the midline of the body?

Small intestine

Which organ is responsible for most of the nutrient adsorption in the body?

Xiphoid process

A patient complaining of pain in their sternum reveals that they were recently in a mild car accident. Which of the following structures may have been injured in the accident?

Pharynx

Which of the following structures is part of the upper respiratory system?

Lets blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle

Which of the following best describes the function of the mitral valve?

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum germinativum

Which of the following options correctly lists the layers of the epidermis from the most superficial to the deepest layer?

It helps regulate mood, anxiety, sleep, memory, and appetite

How does serotonin affect the body?

To secrete oil that lubricates the skin and prevents drying

What is the function of the sebaceous glands?

Connective tissue

Which type of tissue is most widely distributed throughout the body?

Temporal lobe

Which part of the brain is involved in processing auditory information?

Calcium and phosphorous

Which important minerals are stored within the skeletal system?

Ear

The malleus, incus, and stapes are bones found in the what?

Hinge

The elbow is what type of joint?

Ulnar

A patient complains of decreased sensation in the distal part of their arm and an inability to adduct and abduct their fingers. Based on these symptoms, which nerve is most likely compromised?

cranial/ skull

Which of the following anatomical terms is correctly matched with its meaning?

It is an oxidative catabolic reaction

Which of the following describes cellular respiration?

Endocrine/ regulation of homeostasis through hormone signaling

Which of the following organ systems is correctly paired with its function?

The external auditory canal

Cerumen is secreted by apocrine glands located in which of the following structures?

Heel of the foot

In what area of the body would you expect to find especially thick stratum corneum?

Epithelial tissue

Which of the following types of tissues functions in the covering, lining, and protection of surfaces and body cavities?

Nucleus

Which organelle is responsible for storing DNA?

Lysosomes

White blood cells contain many _________ because they need to dispose of harmful intruders such as bacteria and viruses. Which of the following options correctly completes the statement above?

The epiphysis that articulates with the radius and ulna

Which of the following describes the distal region of the humerus?

Ribosome/ Protein synthesis

Which of the following cell organelles is correctly paired with its function?

Connective tissue

Which of the types of tissue is responsible for providing the matrix that supports and connects other tissues of the body?

Retina

Which part of the eye allows us to see color?

Osteoclasts

Which of the following causes bone matrix resorption in response to a decrease of calcium levels in the blood?

Vomer

A patient reveals to you that they were recently involved in a car accident that they believe resulted in a deviated septum. Which of the following bones may have been injured in the accident, resulting in the deviated septum?

Lysosomes

Which of the following organelles is responsible for digesting damaged cellular structures, as well as macromolecules and bacteria ingested by the cell?

Thymus

T-lymphocytes are developed by which of the following glands?

Calcium

What, in addition to adenosine triphosphate, must be present for a muscle to contract?

Sagittal

Which of the following is the name of the imaginary vertical plane that equally divides the body into left and right?

Organ System

The respiratory system is composed or organs that facilitate gas exchange between the blood and the external environment. Which of the following describes the group of organs that function during gas exchange?

Stratum germinativum

Mitosis occurs in which layer of the skin?

Evaportation

Eccrine glands secrete a watery substance onto the surface of the skin to maintain temperature homeostasis through which process?

Reduced sense of smell

Which of the following could result from a damaged olfactory nerve?

Cortisol and aldosterone

What is secreted by the adrenal glands?

Carotid

The pulse point is located on the neck is palpated over which artery?

Pulmonary Vein

Which blood vessel returns blood from the lungs back to the heart?

Plasma

Which of the following makes up the largest component of whole blood?

Regulating body temperature

What is one of the functions of the hypothalamus?

Thrombocytes

The components found in blood that carry out blood clotting are:

Amnio acids

Which of the following gets absorbed directly into the blood?

Bone

A tissue sample studied under a microscope exhibits the following characteristics: an extracellular matrix providing rigidity to the tissue, and the presence of lacunae. Which type of tissue is this?

Progesterone

The hormone _______ assists estrogen in stimulating the formation of the endometrium.

Popliteal artery

If the femoral artery was cut, which of the following blood vessels would not receive blood as a result?

Stratum corneum

What is the outermost layer of the epidermis?

Auricle

Which of the following structures functions in directing sound waves into the ear?

Erythropoiesis

Which of the following terms describes the process of forming new red new blood cells?

Eccrine glands

Which structures in the epidermis is responsible for cooling the body to maintain temperature homeostasis?

Adenohypophysis

The anterior lobe of the pituitary glands is called which of the following?

Diaphragm

Which structure lies between the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

Proximal Convoluted Tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal Convoluted Tubule - Collecting Duct - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis

Which of the following is the correct sequence of transport of filtrate from the nephrons to the renal pelvis?

It is the only bone that does not articulate with any other bone

Which of the following about the hyoid bone is correct?

Inferior

The diaphragm is ________ to the lungs.

Connective

What form of tissue provides support and structure for the organs?

Veins have thinner, more compliant vessel walls than arteries

Which of the following features of veins results in the venous system operating at lower pressures than the arterial side?

Sebaceous glands

Which glands release an oily secretion through the hair follicles that lubricates the skin and prevents drying?

Between the lens and cornea in the eye

In which part of the body would you find aqueous humor?

Cochlea

Listening to music stimulates which of the following organs?

Submandibular glands

Which of the following salivary glands primarily contributes to the production and secretion of saliva?

Nasopharynx

The pharynx is a conduit for air and food. It is divided into three segments which contain lymphoid structures that play significant roles in protection and defense. Which segment of the pharynx contains the pharyngeal tonsils?

Vena cava

Which blood vessel delivers blood directly into the right atrium?

Endocrine system

Which systems coordinated and regulates processes within the body through the use of hormones?