Ch 3 - Integumentary System

Albin/o; leuk/o

White

Angi/o

Vessel

Bas/o

Base

Bi/o

Life

Carcin/o

Cancer

Cauter/o

To burn

Chem/o

Chemical

Cis/o

To cut

Cortic/o

Outer layer

Cry/o

Cold

Cutane/o; derm/o; dermat/o

Skin

Cyt/o

Cell

Diaphor/o

Profuse sweating

Electr/o

Electricity

Erythr/o

Red

Esthesi/o

Feeling

Hem/o

Blood

Hidr/o

Sweat

Ichthy/o

Scaly, dry

Kerat/o

Hard, horny

Lip/o; adip/o

Fat

Melan/o

Black

Myc/o

Fungus

Necr/o

Death

Onych/o; ungu/o

Nail

Pedicul/o

Lice

Phot/o

Light

Py/o

Pus

Rhytid/o

Wrinkle

Sarc/o

Flesh

Scler/o

Hard

Seb/o

Oil

Septic/o

Infection

System/o

System

Trich/o

Hair

Vesic/o

Sac, bladder

Xer/o

Dry

-al; -ic; -ous; -tic

Pertaining to

-derma

Skin condition

-ectomy

Surgical removal

-emia

Blood condition

-ia

State; condition

-iasis; -osis

Abnormal condition

-ism

State of

-itis

Inflammation

-logy

Study of

-malacia

Abnormal softening

-oma

Mass, tumor

-opsy

View of

-phagia

Eat, swallow

-plasty

Surgical repair

-rrhea

Discharge

-tome

Instrument to cut

-ule

Small

Allo-

Other, different from usual

An-; de-

Without

Anti-

Against

Auto-

Self

Epi-

Above

Ex-

Outward

Hyper-

Excessive

Hypo-

Below

Intra-

Within

Para-

Beside

Sub-

Under

Xeno-

Foreign

Sudoriferous/sweat glands

Sebaceous glands

Hair

Nails

What are the four accessory organs of the skin?

Protection

Housing nerve receptors

Secreting fluids

Regulating temperature

What are four purposes of the skin/integumentary system?

Pathogens

Disease-causing organisms

Sensory receptors

These detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure and are located in the skin

Sudoriferous/sweat glands

Glands that assist the body in maintaining its internal temperature by creating a cooling effect as its secretion evaporates

Sebaceous/oil glands

Glands that produce an oily substance that lubricates the skin’s surface

Epidermis

Dermis

Subcutaneous/hypodermis

What are three layers of the skin? (in order from most superficial to deepest)

Subcutaneous/hypodermis

The __________ layer is technically not a layer of skin, but we talk about it anyway

Stratified squamous epithelium

What type of epithelial tissue is the epidermis composed of?

These are flat, scale-like cells arranged in overlapping layers or strata

Blood supply

Connective tissue

The epidermis does not have a _______ or any ______

Basal layer

The deepest layer of the epidermis

Keratin

A hard protein that helps skin act as a protective barrier and be waterproof

Melanocytes

Cells in the basal layer that produce the black pigment melanin

Melanin

A pigment responsible for skin color and protects against UV rays from the sun

Dermis/corium

The layer of skin between the epidermis and the subcutaneous layer which has a blood supply

Collagen fibers

Made from strong, fibrous protein present in connective tissue; gives connective tissue its strength

Subcutaneous layer

A continuous layer of fat that separates the dermis from deeper tissues; composed of lipocytes

Lipocyte

Fat cell

Protects deeper tissues from trauma

Acts as temperature insulation

Serves as a source of energy in a starvation situation

Three purposes of the subcutaneous layer

Arrector pili

Hair root

Hair shaft

Hair follicle

What are the four parts of a hair?

Arrector pili

A small slip of smooth muscle that makes hair stand up, causing “goose bumps”

Nail body

The flat plate of keratin that covers the top ends of fingers and toes

Nail body

The tissue underneath the nail body that keeps the nail attached

Nail root

The part of the nail where new nail grows

Cuticle

The soft tissue that protects the nail root

Free edge

The exposed nail that is trimmed when the nail becomes too long

Lunula

The light-colored half-moon area at the base of the nail

Sebum

The oil secreted from the sebaceous glands that lubricates the hair and skin

Plays a role in the development of acne

Sweat duct

The duct where sweat travels to the surface of the skin

Sweat pore

The opening of a sweat duct

Perspiration

Another word for sweat

Apocrine glands

Glands that produce a thicker sweat in the underarms and pubic area that produce an odor when it comes into contact with bacteria on the skin

Dermatology

Branch of medicine involving diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the integumentary system

Plastic surgery

Surgical specialty involved in repair, reconstruction, or improvement of body structures such as damaged, missing, or misshapen skin