art appreciation

midterms reviewer

Art

rooted in the 13th century French word art, which means skill as a result of learning or practice

Ars

Latin word, meaning ability or practical skills.

As ability

art is the human capacity to make things that stir us; it is creativity.

As process

art encompasses acts, such as drawing, painting, sculpturing, designing buildings, singing, dancing, using camera to create images or memorable works.

As product

art is the completed work- an etching, a sculpture, a music composition, choreography, or a tapestry.

Plato

“Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world.”

John Dewey

“Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind – one that demands for its own satisfaction and fulfilling, a shaping of matter to a new and more significant form.

Oscar Wilde

“Art is the most intense mode of individualism that the world has known.”

Elbert Hubbard

“Art is not a nothing- it is a way.”

Four (4) common essentials of art:

1. Art has to be man-made.

2. Art must be creative, not imitative.

3. Art must benefit and satisfy man.

4. Art is expressed through a certain medium or material by which the artist communicates himself to his audience.

The Importance of Art

• These days, art plays a vital part in developing the intellect of the younger generation to build up a positive character and appreciate natural aesthetics.

• Arts enhance daily experiences and has touched everyone.

• In this period of advanced technology know-how and modernization, art is of vital magnitude.

ART HISTORY

It is the study of objects or works of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts.

ARTWORK

Artworks are valuable sources of inspiration, and aesthetic, and delightful experiences.

CREATIVITY

It is an artist trait developed in the course of one’s life to solve problems or express his feelings.

ART APPRECIATION

It is having the knowledge, background, and understanding of the universal and timeless qualities that comprise all works of art.

ASSUMPTIONS OF ART

1. ART IS UNIVERSAL

2. ART IS NOT NATURE

3. ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE

ART IS UNIVERSAL

Art is everywhere; It has no limit and it rises above cultures, races, and civilization; It is timeless.

ART IS NOT NATURE

Art is man-made; It can never be natural because it is momentary in the constant transformation of change; it does not change by itself unless manipulated by its creator, which is man.

ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE

Art is a depiction of our experiences. It demands taking part. We can only appreciate art if we spend time to look at it, listen to it, touch it, and feel its presence.

FUNCTIONS OF ART

1. PERSONAL

2. SOCIAL

3. CULTURAL FUNCTION

4. AESTHETIC FUNCTION

5. SPIRITUAL FUNCTION

CATEGORIES/ CLASSIFICATIONS OF ART

1. VISUAL ARTS

2. PERFORMING/COMBINED ARTS

3. DIGITAL ARTS

4. APPLIED ARTS

VISUAL ARTS

1. PAINTING

2. SCULPTURE

3. ARCHITECTURE

4. DIGITAL ARTS

PERFORMING/COMBINED ARTS

1. MUSIC

2. DANCE

3. FILM

4. THEATER

5. LITERARY

6. PERFORMANCE POETRY

APPLIED ARTS

1. FASHION DESIGN

2. FURNITURE DESIGN

3. INTERIOR DESIGN

4. GRAPHIC DESIGN

The Subject of Art

• The subject of art is the matter to be described or to be portrayed by the artist. The subject of art is varied.

• This may refer to any person, objects, scene, or event. In general, the subject of an art artwork is anything under the sun.

• The subject could be make-believe, imaginary, and invented.

• Subjects can also be real events, like devastation brought about by super typhoons entering the Philippines or catastrophic tsunamis hitting many Asian countries.

REPRESENTATIONAL OR OBJECTIVE ART

They are those arts that depicts (represent) objects that are commonly recognized by most people. They attempt to copy, even if in subjective manner, something that is real. They use “form” and are concerned with “what” is to be depicted in the artwork.

STILL LIFE

groups of inanimate objects arranged in an indoor setting such as flower and fruit arrangements, food, pots and plants, and music instruments.

PORTRAIT

realistic likeness of a person whether in sculpture, painting, drawing, or print. It need not be photographic in likeness but is a selective process of highlighting and de-emphasizing certain features.

Landscapes, Cityscapes, Moonscape and Seascapes

artworks whose primary focus is the natural scenery such as the mountains, valleys, rivers, and skyscrapers

Mythology, and Religion, Dreams and Fantasie

NON-REPRESENTATIONAL OR NON-OBJECTIVE ART

They are those arts without any reference to anything outside itself. This kind of art is non-objective because it has no recognizable objects. It is abstract in the scene that it does not represent real objects in our world.

NATURE

Next to animals and people and their activities, nature as landscapes has been the common subject of the arts. It has been the most common inspiration and subject.

HISTORY

All art is conditioned by the historical period in which it is created. Rulers like to have themselves and the great deeds of their time perpetuated, consequently, statues and paintings of the great are found in each civilization.

GREEK AND ROMAN MYTHOLOGY

his has been a very important source of subjects in the arts. These arts are so famous that they count as a definite part of inheritance. During the Renaissance period, poets, painters, and sculptors drew largely from Greek and Roman sources for subjects.

RELIGION

It has played an enormous role in inspiring works of visual arts, music, architecture and literature through ages.

SACRED ORIENTAL TEXTS

Sacred texts of Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Zoroastrianism, Jainism and Islam.

THE CONTENT OF ART

the meaning, message, and/or feeling imparted by a work of art.

FACTUAL MEANING

Literal statement or narrative content in the work that can be directly apprehended because the objects presented are easily recognized.

CONVENTIONAL MEANING

It refers to the special meaning that the certain object or colors has for a particular culture or group of people when it is shown in an art work.

SUBJECTIVE MEANING

It refers to the individual meaning deliberately and instinctively expressed by the artist using a personal symbolism that stems from his own alliance with certainobjects, actions, or colors with past experiences.

ARTISTS

creative individuals who use their skills and imaginations to communicate in an art form.

ARTISANS

craftsman, such as carpenter, carver, plumber, blacksmith, weaver and embroiderer who produces directly functional and/decorative arts.

Art market

an economic ecosystem that relies not only on supply and demand but also on the fabrication of a work’s predicted future monetary or cultural values.

Curator

a manager or overseer, and usually a keeper of cultural heritage institution. a content specialist charged with an institution’s collection selecting art to be displayed in a museum, organizing art exhibitions in galleries or public places, researching artists, and writing catalogs and involved with interpretation of heritage.

Art buyer

a professional who is knowledgeable in art, who may scout talents for an advertising agency seeking to employ an art director, or who may look for an art for a collector or a company.

Art dealer

a person or a company that buys and sell works of art. Art dealers often study the history of art before starting their careers.

THE CREATIVE PROCESS

1. Conceive the result you want to create.

2. Know what currently exists.

3. Take actions

4. Develop your creativity

5. Learn the rhythms of the creative process.

Robert Fritz

enumerated the steps in the creative process, and said that creating is a skill that can be learned and developed.

GERMINATION (IDEA)

the initial moment when you conceive a new project in your life. It is a moment with a lot of energy coming out of the future you envision. The most important and difficult things in this stage are choosing. You have to give to your vision a first shape, from which you decide next steps.

ASSIMILATION

It is the crucial step in the creative process. During this phase you will internalize and assimilate or incorporate the idea you want to create. Plan, analyze it, and cultivate it with all the available resources.

COMPLETION

the time to finish your project, to give it final shape before you present it to the audience. It is a difficult time because your energy will be small and likely dispersed with a new vision.

PRE-PRODUCTION OR SUBJECT DEVELOPMENT

this ends when the planning ends, and the content starts being produced.

PRODUCTION OR MEDIUM MANIPULATION

a method of joining diverse material inputs and unimportant inputs (plans, know –how to make something for consumption (the output). It is the act of creating output, a good or service that has significance and contributes to the utility of individuals.

POST PRODUCTION (COMPLETION) OR EXHIBITION

once an artwork is finished, it will be displayed, circulated, and performed for the audience and public to see or watch.

MEDIUM

refers to the materials that are used by an artist to create a work of art. The plural for of medium is media.

TECHNIQUE

refers to the artist’s ability and knowledge or technical know-how in manipulating the medium. It is the manner by which the artist controls the medium to achieve the desired effects.

GRAPHIC ORGANIZER (STORY MAP)

This is a visual and graphic display that depicts the relationships amongfacts, terms, and/or ideas within a learning task. It is also sometimesreferred to as knowledge map, concept map, story map, cognitiveorganizer, advance organizer or concept diagram.

Gawad sa Manlilikhang Bayan (GAMABA) National Living Treasures

was institutionalized in 1992 through Republic Act No. 7335.The National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), which is the highest policy-making and coordinating body of the Philippines for culture and the arts, was tasked with the implementations.

To become a Manlilikha ng Bayan, the candidate must possess the following qualifications:

a. He/she is an inhabitant of an indigenous/traditional cultural community anywhere in the Philippines that has preserved indigenous customs, beliefs, rituals, and traditions and/or has syncretized whatever external elements that have influenced it.

b. He/she must have engaged in a folkart tradition that has been in existence and documented for at least fifty (50) years.

c. He/she must have consistently performed or produced over a significant period, works of superior and distinctive quality.

d. He/she must possess a mastery of tools and materials needed by the art, and must have an established reputation in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary technical quality.

e. He/she must have passed on and/or will pass on to the other members of the community their skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known

A traditional artist, who possesses all the qualities of a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate but because of age or infirmity has left him/her incapable of teaching further his/her craft, may still be recognized if:

a. He/she had created a significant body of works and/or has consistently displayed excellence in the practice of his/her art, thus achieving important contributions for its development.

b. He/she has been instrumental in the revitalization of his/her community’s artistic tradition.

c. He/she has passed on to the other members of the community skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known.

d. His/her community has recognized him/her as master and teacher of his/her craft

Duties and Responsibilities of Awardees

(a) to transfer the skills of his/her traditional folk art to the younger generation through apprenticeship and such other training methods as are found to be effective

(b) to cooperate with the implementing agency, as provided for in Section 7 of this Act, in the promotion and propagation of his/her traditional folk arts; and

(c) to donate to the National Museum a sample or copy of his/her work.

ART EXHIBITS

a planned arrangement and display of a collection of items. usually take place within museums, galleries and exhibition halls, and World’s fairs.

ELEMENTS OF ART

• the visual tools that the artist uses to create a composition.

• the building blocks or ingredients used by artists to create a work of art.

Line

The path of a point moving through space.

HORIZONTAL LINE

Lines that run parallel to the ground.

VERTICAL LINE

Lines that move up and down.

DIAGONAL LINE

Lines that slant.

CURVED LINE

Lines that change direction gradually.

ZIGZAG LINE

Lines that are made by combining diagonal lines that change direction. These lines when viewed in a work of art create confusion. They suggest action and excitement.

Shape

It has always two dimensions, length as well as width. It is presented as an enclosed area that is defined by color, value, space, texture, and form When lines form together, they make flat shape

GEOMETRIC SHAPES

Also called as regular shapes. These are shapes that are easy to recognize and isuse in math information also.

ORGANIC SHAPES

Also called as freeform shapes. These are shapes that seem to follow no rules. Figures that have a natural look and a flowing, curving appearance.

POSITIVE SHAPES

• It is the solid forms in a design. Occupy positive space.

NEGATIVE SHAPES

It is the space around the positive shape.

STATIC SHAPES

It appears stable and resting

DYNAMIC SHAPES

It appears as if moving and activities.

Color

Produced by the way an object reflects or emits light. By placing colors next to each other in different ways, artists can create a variety of effects.

HUE

means the shade or name of the color. (ex. Red, yellow, pink)

VALUE

refers to the lightness or the darkness.

INTENSITY

refers to the brightness of a color, often measured by boldness or dullness.

Space

How an artwork uses or depicts depth or distance. Space can give the illusion of objects in an artwork being close or far away.

Positive space

the areas of the artwork filled with the content.

Negative space

the space in between.

Texture

The quality of a surface or the way any work of art is presented. It also refers to the way a picture is made to look rough or smooth.

Real Texture

the physical surface quality of an object, such as the rough bark of a tree, the smooth surface of a glass vase, or the bumpy texture of a knit scar

Implied Texture

also known as visual texture, is only perceived by the viewer.

Form

defined as the physical structure or shape of a work of art. It is an element of art that describes how artists represent three dimensional shapes.

CUBE

regular solid of six equal square sides.

CYLINDER

A surface traced by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and intersecting a fixed planar closed curved.

CONE

A solid generated by rotating a right triangle about one of its leg.

SPHERE

A round solid figure, or its surface, with every point on its surface equidistant from its center.

Value

refers to the changes in the base color. Range of lightness and darkness within a picture.

TINT

Adding white to color paint to create lighter values such as light blue or pink.

SHADE

Adding black to paint to create dark values such as dark blue or dark red.

HIGH-KEY

Where the picture is all light values.

LOW-KEY

Where the picture is all dark values.

VALUE CONTRAST

Where light values are placed next to dark values to create contrast or strong differences.

VALUE SCALE

A scale that shows the gradual change in value from its lightest value, white to its darkest value black.

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

represent how the artist uses the elements of art to create an effect and to help convey the artist's intent.

importance of understanding the principles of design

The principles of design are the most important part of any design process. Without these principles, it would be very difficult for the users to understand the type of message that the designer is trying to communicate.