Types of Communication

Communication Channels

Non-verbal and verbal

Style and Purpose

Formal and Informal

Communication Channels and Style and Purpose

Two Types of Communication

Formal Communication

is the exchange of information between two or more individuals in a structured and professional manner

Informal Communication

is more relaxed, open, and casual

Verbal

encompasses the use of language

Non Verbal

Includes facial expressions, gestures and bodily movements

Paralanguage

voice tone, pitch, rhythm

Language of flowers

symbolic meaning of flowers

Language of colors

color, like language, has the ability to evoke certain feelings

Chronemics (time)

how we perceive time

Proxemics (space)

space and how we use it

Haptics (touch)

physical contact with the other people

Ocuslesics

eye movement

Gestures

Bodily actions

Facial Expressions

movements in the face

Posture and Personal Appearance

how people look

Communication Apprehension

defined by Jennifer Prime and Denise Solomon (2009)

Communication Apprehension

as the fear or anxiety that an individual experiences in interpersonal or public speaking

Communication Breakdown

refers to the failure or disruption in the exchange of information between individuals or groups within an organization

Thinking, Listening, Speaking and Nonverbal

Four Communication Skills

Thinking

Having a clear idea of symbolic internal reality

Listening

Allows you to enter the reality of the other person

Speaking

selection of words

Nonverbal

can actually change the meaning of the words that you say

Completeness, Clearness, Courtesy, Correctness, Concreteness, Conciseness and Consideration

7 C’s of Effective Communication

Completeness

Providing all necessary information for clear understanding and informed decisions

Clearness

Ensuring the message is easily understood

Courtesy

Showing respect, politeness, and professionalism in interactions with others

Correctness

Ensuring accuracy in grammar, spelling, punctuation, and factual information presented

Concreteness

Using specific facts and evidence for credibility and believability

Conciseness

Conveying the message with brevity, without unnecessary details or information

Consideration

Understanding audience needs; tailoring the message for empathy and relevance

Culture

refers to people's way of life

Intercultural Communication

refers to the interaction between people with different cultures

Multicultural Communication

refers to the acknowledgent that people come from different backgrounds, and thud have different cultures

Cross - Cultural Communication

Common for this people who migrate to a place where the culture is different from their own

Intercultural Communication

There are multiple cultures existing in a communication environment

Cultural Sensitivity

This refers to the awareness that people have varying cultures and that the similarities and difference of these cultures affect the values, behavior, and learning of people

Cultural Intelligence

refers to an individual's capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings

Cultural Intelligence

ability to relate to or interact with other cultures effectively