Complex Lipids

This set of flashcards covers important concepts and definitions related to complex lipids, their types, functions, and clinical significance.

What are complex or compound lipids?

Esters of fatty acids with alcohol containing additional groups like sulfur, phosphorus, amino group, carbohydrate, and proteins.

What type of lipids do not contain phosphoric acid?

Nonphosphorylated lipids, examples include glycolipids, lipoproteins, sulfolipids, and aminolipids.

What are phospholipids?

Complex lipids that contain phosphoric acid.

What are glycerophospholipids?

Phospholipids where the alcohol present is glycerol.

Which are the derivatives of phosphatidic acids?

Phosphatidic acids, lecithins, cephalins, plasmalogens, inositides, and cardiolipin.

What is the importance of phospholipids in cell membranes?

They control the transfer of substances through membranes and are essential for membrane structure.

How does lysolecithin affect red blood cells?

It causes hemolysis of RBCs and explains the toxic effect of snake venom containing lecithinase.

What is lecithin?

A glycerophospholipid that contains choline and helps in emulsification of fats.

What role do lung surfactants play?

They lower surface tension in the alveoli and prevent collapse during respiration.

What are sphingomyelins?

Sphingophospholipids found in large amounts in the brain and nerves.

What is the significance of cardiolipins?

They are vital components of the mitochondrial membrane and are linked to mitochondrial dysfunction.

What is the role of cholesterol in the body?

It is a major constituent of cell membranes and plays roles in structural integrity and fluidity.

What are bile acids, and what is their primary function?

Steroids produced from cholesterol that aid in the digestion and absorption of lipids.

What is the physiological significance of high cholesterol?

It increases the risk of coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases.

What is the function of gangliosides?

Complex glycolipids involved in cell membrane receptor activities.