HIS1332 since 1865

Jackie Robinson: Impact of AA experience in fighting WWII

Jackie Robinson: Impact of AA experience in fighting WWII

Robinson's dazzling athletic prowess and grace under pressure effectively led to the integration of the Major Leagues

Helped set the stage for the civil rights movement.

Why did Branch Rickey select Jackie Robison

He believed Jackie Robinson had these traits…

• Power to not fight back (self control)

• Determination (to turn the other-way)

Marshall Plan

A Plan by the Truman administration for economic recovery of Europe

McCarthyism

Stirred up the red fear. Spun out of control when he accused George Marshall of being a communist.

Iron curtain

Term used to describe the influence that the Soviet Union had over Eastern Europe

George Kennan & Policy of Containment

Foreign policy regarding communism.

Kennan advocated the containment of communism in one place and not spreading

Berlin Airlift

Supplied medicine, coal, much needed supplies to Berlin. Dropped the items from Items into Berlin

Dixiecrats

Stood for racial segregation in the election of 1948. FIRMLY BELIEVED IT

NSC-68

National Security Council

Called for a massive military build up in order to contain communism in one area

Fair Deal

Truman’s promise to the America people. Wanted to expand FDR plans.

Primary goal was CIVIL RIGHTS FOR ALL

Treats to American National security

Communism was the biggest threat to the U.S during the Truman, and Issac Howard admiration.

Brinksmanship

Pushing Uncle Sam to the Cliff (edge)

Brown v. Board of Education

Segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.

OVERTURNED Ferguson

Massive resistance in the south (would close schools down in Arkansas)

Nonviolent civil disobedience

Protesting in a peaceful manner that may break a law

Associated with Martin Luther King

( Montgomery bus boycott & Sit-ins)

“Falling Domino” Theory

If one country fell to communism. Then other countries will fall to communism as well

If Vietnam falls, Cambodia, and Laos could fall to communism

If one domino falls, the rest will follow…

U-2 incident

Spy plane shot down in Russia space

Attempt to obtain USSR intelligence

Revealed Eisenhower about the true nature of the spy plane because USSR found the U.S pilot

Sputnik

Russian satellite sent into orbit. Leaded to…

U.S congress passes a law (National Defense Education Act).

• A lot of money set aside for science/education

• Congress believed they were left behind in education

1960 campaign (JFK v Nixon)

JFK gained support from African Americans because he got MLK out of prison

Southerns also supported him because he ran with LBJ

Media coverage of Freedom Riders

People were watching/listening to the bus attacks on the courages Freedom Riders.

Motivated people to join the protest.

Help build momentum

Malcom X

Wanted a more radical approach. Criticized MLK approach of fighting racism.

• Believed it was too accommodating for white people

• Didn’t understand the poverty in some areas

• not enough focus in black heritage

• wanted to fight with force/destruction

Birmingham campaign

Focused a lot of his attention in Birmingham.

FOCUS: nonviolent civil disobedience

main strategy in the campaign.

“Dismantle segregation in Birmingham and the chips will fall”

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Barred discrimination in public spaces (hotels, restaurants etc…

March on Washington

Largest political demonstration in American History.

“I have a Dream speech” MLK

Bay of Pigs

WAS A FAILURE

CIA tried to arm Cuban refugees to overthrow Castro

embarrassing for JFK

JFK reaction to Soviet missiles in Cuba

Implements a blockade into Cuba.

To make sure no additional Soviet ships can get into Cuba

At any point the cold war can turn into a nuclear war (90 miles away from FL coast)

Tet offensive (How did American Pub

American public saw a lot of opposition in the involvement of that conflict.

AGAINST IT

Great Society

LBJ GOALS

• Ending poverty

• Ending Racial Discrimination

Roe v Wade 1973

Dealt with abortion

Supreme court ruled that abortion is legal during the 3 months

United Farm Workers

Association founded by Cesar Chaves

Organised a strike against Great growers

Demands were met to migrant workers

Stonewall Riots

Raided by law enforcement. Turned into a multi day conflict

Brought a lot of attention to Gay community

Foundation for the modern movement

Detente

Foreign policy of the Nixon administration trying to ease tension in the Cold war

War Powers Act

If a president deploys troops abroad.

Congress must be alerted within 48 hours.

After 60 days, troops must be brought back unless congress approves for them to stay

Red Power Protest

Wanted the government to do something IMMEDITALY

-unemployment

-suicide rates (mental health)

-life expectancy

Wanted Anti-poverty programs

Why do you think that Jackie Robinson’s character and actions off the field mattered so much more than the character and actions of white players? (FRQ)

Jackie Robinson's character and actions off the field mattered so much more than the character and actions of white players because the general white public still looked at African Americans as less than them.

 Robinson had great courage, self-control, fierce determination, and believed in social action.

What were the goals, strategies, and achievements of the Civil Rights Movements in the 1950’s and 1960’s? What divisons emerged among its activist?

MLK strategy: nonviolent civil disobience

Example: Sit-ins or Bus boycott

Splits in the movement

Malcom X was more militant. Critized MLK approach

Achievements: civil rights act passed by congress. Barred the discrimation in public spaces !

What were President Lyndon B Johnsons major was on poverty and Great Society initiatives? How did they impact American Society

p.g 1400

higher education

medicare