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Zeus
470 BCE
appears to be younger (no beard)
in combat
Zeus
sitting on throne; establishing power
holding goddess Nike (victory), which may symbolize him after winning war
older because of beard
Zeus defeating Typhoeus
540 BCE
Zeus vs a Titan
600 BCE
Poseidon, Athena, Pandora, Ares, Hermes (left to right)
Zeus, Hermes, Epimetheus, Pandora, Eros above
Prometheus
C. 560 (archaic period)
Prometheus on right, Eagle pecking chest
Atlas on left, holding the sky
Both punished by Zeus
Snake symbolizes Zeus watching them
Possibly on scale
worshippers offer robe to Athena
seated next to Hephestus
Hera (left) with an attendant (far left), Zeus (right)
Poseidon, Apollo, Artemis (left to right; Aphrodite would be on far right)
Hermes, Dionysus, Demeter, Ares (left to right)
Persephone rising with hermes, Hecate, Demeter.
Persephone rising from the underworld
Persephone has crown- might already be queen of underworld
Persephone, Triptolemos, Demeter.
Votive Relief. Eleusis.
Persephone and Hades
In the underworld
Sitting in their kingdom of sorts
4th century BCE
Hades looks like Zeus (Zeus of the underworld)
Persephone is holding 4 sided torch (also could be demeter or hekate)
Hades was associated with caves – including one at Eleusis - but there are no temples or festivals in his honor.
Hermes
Wearing traveling hat
He guides spirits to the underworld
Person on the right is a ghost (gravestone shown behind him)
The Underworld was often imagined as divided from the lands of the living by rivers
Charon, the boatman, was thought to escort psychai across them and into Hades
left) and 4.4 (right) Charon (left) waits as Hermes (right) leads the psychē of a deceased person to his boat.
funerary rituals
Women prepared the body for burial and performed formal lamentation
Burials were accompanied by mourning songs and a feast
These rituals
helped the psychē reach the Underworld
helped the community to transition;
sometimes involved conspicuous displays of wealth
