Social and Personality Development in Adolescence

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to social and personality development in adolescence, derived from the lecture notes.

Freud’s Psychosexual Theory

A theory that proposes development proceeds through five stages focusing on different erogenous zones; stage 5 involves sexual experimentation and the genitals.

Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development

A framework that describes eight stages of human development, with stage 5 focusing on identity vs. role confusion during ages 12-18.

Marcia’s Theory of Identity Development

Theory proposing four identity statuses (diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, achievement) based on crisis and commitment.

Identity Diffusion

A status in which an individual has not experienced a crisis and has not made commitments.

Identity Foreclosure

A status characterized by commitment without undergoing a crisis.

Identity Moratorium

A status in which an individual is experiencing a crisis but has not made commitments.

Identity Achievement

A status where an individual has both experienced a crisis and made commitments.

Cognitive Influences

Factors that affect identity development relating to thought processes and intellectual growth.

Self-Concept

An understanding of oneself that evolves during adolescence, often leading to false-self behaviors.

Incremental View of Ability

The belief that abilities can be developed through effort and practice.

Entity View of Ability

The belief that abilities are fixed and not significantly influenced by effort.

Gender Stereotypes

Preconceived notions about gender roles that magnify during early adolescence and become more flexible later.

Altruism

Behavior characterized by selflessness and concern for the welfare of others.

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development

A ethical development framework that outlines three levels, with postconventional morality focusing on social contracts and individual principles.

Youth Crime

Involvement of minors in criminal behavior, with various contributing factors including socioeconomic status.

Peer Relationships

Social connections among adolescents which significantly influence their behavior and well-being.

Cliques

Small, close-knit groups of friends that typically form in early adolescence.

Crowds

Larger groups composed of multiple cliques that share similar norms and values.

Transition to Secondary School

A significant change in an adolescent's life that can lead to decreased self-esteem, interest in school, and academic performance.

Media and Screen Time

The influence of digital platforms on adolescents' self-perceptions and social interactions.