Sacraments Final Exam '22

What are Sacraments?

"An efficacious sign of grace"; instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us through the work of the Holy Spirit.

What does it mean for the Sacraments to be an efficacious sign?

they "effect what they signify."

Why do we need the Sacraments?

We need the Sacraments because we are both: Body and Soul, Material and Immaterial, and Visible and Invisible

What is Original Sin?

the separation of mankind from god that darkened the human intellect, weakened the human will, and introduced human nature to an inclination toward sin

What are the two types of grace (term & definition)?

actual grace (The supernatural, free, and undeserved help from God that is given for specific circumstances) and Sanctifying grace (The free and unmerited favor of God given through the sacraments)

What term describes profaning the Sacraments?

sacrilege

In general, what is the "form" of the Sacraments?

the words/prayer spoken during the celebration of the Sacrament

In general, what is the "matter" of the Sacraments?

the physical thing/gesture used during the celebration of the Sacrament

In general, who is the "minister" of the Sacraments?

Jesus

What is a Sacramental Character or seal?

an indelible mark imprinted on the soul by the sacraments of Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders

Who is the primary minister of all the Sacraments?

Jesus

What are the three categories of the Sacraments?

Sacraments of Initiation, Sacraments of Healing, and Sacraments of Service

Which Sacraments fall into which Categories?

Sacraments of Initiation: Baptism, Eucharist, and Confirmation

Sacraments of Healing: Anointing of the Sick and Confession/Reconciliation

Sacraments of Service: Matrimony and Holy Orders

How is Baptism a gift to us? (why do we need it?)

our spiritual life is rooted in Baptism. We are justified in the eyes of God through Baptism

What is the matter of the Sacrament of Baptism?

water

What is the form of the Sacrament of Baptism?

"I baptise you in the name of the Father, and of the son, and of the Holy Spirit."

Who is the ordinary minister of the Sacrament of Baptism?

any bishop, priest, or deacon

Who is the extraordinary minister of the Sacrament of Baptism?

anyone (by necessity or delegated by the bishop)

Why was Jesus Baptized if He was sinless?

to both fulfill the OT law and to show His affirmation to humanity

Can you go to Heaven even if you have not been Baptized? (be able to explain)

NOT all who are unbaptized by water are unsaved but to receive salvation, baptism is necessary

What Scripture supports salvation without Baptism by Water?

Acts 10:48, Colossians 2:11-12, John 3:5

When did Jesus institute the Sacrament of Baptism?

Matthew 28:19 ("Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.")

What are the spiritual effects of Baptism?

some spiritual effects of Baptism are: we are members of Christ's Church, our sins are forgiven, and entrance to the celestial kingdom

What are the three types of Baptism?

baptism by water, baptism by desire, and baptism by blood

What is a vocation?

God's plan or calling for each of us

How was Baptism Prefigured in the Old Testament?

Genesis 6:9 - 9:17 (Noah's Ark), Exodus 14 (The Parting of the Red Sea), and Joshua 3:1- 4:24 (The Crossing of the Jordan River)

What is The Great Commission?

when Jesus told the 12 Apostles to "go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit."

Who is Baptism by Water necessary for?

all those to whom the Gospel has been proclaimed and who have had the possibility of asking for Baptism

What are the 7 deadly sins?

pride, greed, lust, envy, gluttony, wrath, and sloth

What is the role of a Godparent?

to set a good example and to be good role models

How is Confirmation a gift to us?

a gift to us because it helps us as followers of Christ to strengthen us to live out our baptism in the world

What is the matter of the Sacrament of Confirmation?

sacred chrism

What is the form of the Sacrament of Confirmation?

"Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit."

Who is the ordinary minister of the Sacrament of Confirmation?

a bishop, and sometimes a priest

Who is the extraordinary minister of the Sacrament of Confirmation?

Jesus

What are the requirements to receive the Sacrament of Confirmation?

you must be baptized in the Catholic Church and have received Holy Communion

What are the effects of Confirmation?

some effects of Confirmation are: baptismal grace is increased, our roots are more deeply, united more firmly to Christ, and increases the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

What was Confirmation called in the early Church?

chrismation

Who celebrated the first Confirmation?

elebrated with Jesus

What are the 7 gifts of the Holy Spirit?

wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety, and the fear of the Lord

How is the Eucharist a gift to us?

we become one with Jesus through His body and blood

What is the matter of the Sacrament of the Eucharist?

unleaven wheat bread and grape wine

What is the form of the Sacrament of the Eucharist?

"This is my body... This is the cup of my blood."

Who is the ordinary minister of the Sacrament of the Eucharist?

a priest or bishop

Who is the extraordinary minister of the Sacrament of the Eucharist?

an acolyte, or another of Christ's faithful

What are the requirements to receive the Sacrament of the Eucharist?

be a baptized Catholic, have attained the age of reason (7 years), have received first Reconciliation, fast from all food and drink except for water or medicine, and make a sacramental confession if a mortal sin has been committed

What are the effects of the Eucharist?

it stabilizes and increases the intimate union with Christ, reinforces the unity of the Church as the Mystical Body of Christ, and reduces time of purification before heaven and concupiscence (the inclination to sin)

What was the Eucharist called in the early Church?

agape feasts

Who celebrated the first Mass? When was it Celebrated?

celebrated with Jesus and His 12 Apostles at the Last Supper

What is Passover, and how does it relate to the Mass?

when the Israelites were saved by God with the passing of the Lord. (Exodus 12:22-23) Passover is celebrated at every mass

What is the Last Supper?

the final meal between Jesus and His 12 Apostles before His death on the cross

How does the Last Supper relate to Passover?

Jesus is the lamb that is going to be slaughtered to save us

How is the Last Supper different from the traditional Passover?

the order that Jesus does the cups of wine is different (when the lamb is eaten, Jesus' body and blood is instead)

When did Jesus finish the entire Passover Meal on Good Friday?

when He is on the cross when he is given the sour wine off the branch of hyssop

What do we call Jesus' conversation with the Jews in John chapter 6?

the Bread of Life Discourse

What is significant about the Bread of Life Discourse?

its belief and justification of transubstantiation (the changing of bread and wine into body and blood)

What do the Jews in the story do after hearing Christ's teachings on the Bread of Life?

leaves Jesus because they think that He is speaking false sayings

What did the disciples do after hearing Christ's teachings on the Bread of Life?

Jesus' word is God

What is the term used to describe the bread and wine turning into Jesus' flesh and blood?

transubstantiation

Is the Mass based on Scripture?

yes, in the sense of the different readings and the Gospel.

What are the 4 parts of the Mass? Which are the main two parts of the Mass?

Introductory Rites, Liturgy of the Word, Liturgy of the Eucharist, and Concluding Rites. The two main parts being the Liturgy of the Word and the Liturgy of the Eucharist

Do Catholics believe Jesus is re-sacrificed at every Mass?

Catholics don't believe that Christ is re-sacrificed at every mass but rather that Jesus' sacrifice with stands the outside of time

Why do we worship on Sunday instead of Saturday (like the Jews)?

Catholics worship on Sunday rather than Saturday because Jesus rose from the dead on a Sunday, which is known as the Lord's day

If you have committed a deadly sin, what must you do before you are able to receive the Eucharist again?

If you have committed a deadly sin, you must go to Confession to be forgiven of the sin to be able to receive the Eucharist

What does St. Paul say about receiving the Body and Blood of Jesus unworthily?

St. Paul says if we were to partake of the Eucharist, then we are guilty of Jesus' body and blood

What is the matter of the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick?

oil and laying on of hands

What is the form of the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick?

"through this holy anointing may the Lord in his love and mercy help you with the grace of the Holy Spirit."

Who is the ordinary minister of the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick?

"every priest and a priest alone"

What are the effects of the Anointing of the Sick?

spiritual comfort, forgiveness of sins, peace, and courage

Will anointing of the sick always forgive the mortal sins of someone?

Anointing of the Sick forgives venial sins that make us lethargic towards God but mortal sin may be forgiven if the sick person had contrition for the sin before they were unconscious

What term means, "to suffer with"?

Compassion

What term defines "a sign, wonder, or event, which transcends the laws of nature and can therefore only be attributed to divine power"?

Miracles

What do we call the prayer that the Church offers on behalf of the souls in Purgatory, that they might enter into the fullness of heavenly bliss?

the Novena

What do we call a radical reorientation of one's whole life away from sin and evil toward God?

Interior repentance

When does the Lord choose to heal the body?

The Lord choose the heal the body when and where He desires

Which sacrament helps unite us to Christ's suffering?

Anointing of the Sick

What is the largest group of nonprofit healthcare providers in the world?

Catholic Health Association

What are the accurate steps for the instructions given to us in the Epistles of St. James (regarding the Anointing of the Sick)?

The prayer of faith, the laying on of hands, and the anointing with oil

Why do we need Confession if our sins are forgiven through Baptism?

Even though our sins are forgiven through Baptism, we are of human nature so we sin everyday. With this confession gives us the opportunity to repent and recover the grace of friendship with God

What is the matter of the Sacrament of Confession?

oral confession

What is the form of the Sacrament of Confession?

the words of the priest at absolution

Who is the ordinary minister of the Sacrament of Confession?

a priest and bishop

Why does the Church speak of 2 different types of sin, and what are the names of the two types of sin?

Venial sin is a relatively slight sin that that does not entail damnation of the soul while mortal sin is a grave action that is committed in full knowledge of its gravity and with the full consent of the sinner's will

Which sin breaks our relationship with the Lord? (aka takes away our state of Sanctifying Grace)

Mortal sin

What are the 3 criteria for a "mortal" (deadly) sin?

sin whose object is grave matter, with full knowledge, and deliberate consented

Which sin damages our relationship with the Lord but does not break it?

Venial sin

Where did the apostles and their successors get their supernatural authority from?

by Jesus

What should we use to examine our conscience?

reflecting prayerfully on one's thoughts, words, and deeds

How do you make a "good" confession?

you must find out your sin, be sorry for them, make up your mind not to sin again, tell them to the priest, and to do the penance that the priest gives you

What is the matter of the Sacrament of Holy Orders?

laying on of hands

What is the form of the Sacrament of Holy Orders?

a prayer of consecration

Who is the ordinary minister of the Sacrament of Holy Orders?

Bishop

Who is the extraordinary minister of the Sacrament of Holy Orders?

Jesus

Are Holy Orders one of the Sacraments that leaves an indelible mark on the soul?

yes, Holy Orders is one of the sacraments that leaves an indelible mark on the soul and can only be received once in a lifetime

What is the three-fold ministry of the priesthood?

preach/teach (prophet), govern (king), and sanctify (priest)

When did Jesus institute the priesthood?

during the Last Supper

What are a bishop, priest, and deacon?

A Bishop is the fullness of the priesthood and is the successor of the Apostles.

A Priest is a co-worker with the bishop.

A Deacon is ordained to serve and assist Bishops and Priests

What does it mean to say the ministerial priests act in persona Christi capitis?

saying that act in the person of Christ as the head of the body through the baptized share of the priesthood of Christ

Who was the first Apostolic Successor? (Hint: who replaced Judas?)

Judas' replacement, Peter

Good Luck

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