4. Paper and boards

what does compliant material mean

suitable for scoring, cutting and folding

what colour is wood pulp

grey

why do commercial printers work with untrimmed sizes (bit bigger than A sizes)

allows for bleed from printing process (called SRA)

standard photocopying paper gsm

80

mount board gsm

1,000

what does SRA/RA stand for?

(supplementary) raw format A

what is layout paper?

thin translucent with a smooth surface

what is cartridge paper?

off-white paper usually with slightly textured surface

how thick is tracing paper?

slightly thicker than layout paper

what is bleed-proof paper?

cartridge paper but bleed-proof so colours don't run

what is treated paper?

plain paper with clear binder/dye layer to hold an image

what is treated paper for?

photo printing

what is bleached card?

chemically treated to brighten surface to make it suitable for high-quality printing

what is mount board?

compressed fine cotton fibres to produce rigid board

what is duplex board?

two layers of paper with exterior often coated to make it more water-resistant and give it a glossy sheen and waxy feel

what is mount board for?

presenting artwork, modelling

what is duplex card for?

packaging, paper plates

what is foil-backed/laminated card?

card with polymer film or foil applied for water resistant/heat-insulating layer

what is metal effect card?

card with thin metal layer on outer surface, can be embossed

what is moulded paper pulp?

recycled pulp moulded and dried to a shape, smooth on the inside and rough on outer surface

what is die cutting and creasing used for?

cut out 'nets' or 'developments' to be folded and assembled into 3D shape

how is die cutting done?

steel cutting dies and creasing rules create cuts and folds

how is bending done?

stamped-out net placed on folding table

some die cutters may include moving parts that bend box automatically

4 advantages of laser cutting

faster

repeated accuracy

high level of detail

design can be quickly edited and then manufactured

for what two reasons are papers and boards finished?

provide protection

enhance appearance

what are the two types of lamination?

via encapsulation

via surface coating

what are the two types of lamination via surface coating?

liquid (for signage)

film (for menu cards)

how is paper embossed?

upper and lower die press raised design into substrate

what is debossing?

embossing but the design is lowered rather than raised

what is varnishing?

clear ink on pre-coated papers and boards to enhance the colour and offer protection

what are the two types of varnishing?

UV and spot

how is UV varnishing done?

varnish applied via set of rollers then passed under UV light to cure

how is spot varnishing done?

applied in specific areas rather than whole sheet

how is foil blocking done?

heat and pressure applied to foil on paper