Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, & Peroxisomes | Chapter 4.5

Mitochondria

The site of cellular respiration, a metabolic process that uses oxygen to create ATP.

Chloroplasts

Found in algae, it is the site of photosynthesis.

Peroxisomes

Oxidative organelles.

Similarities of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

Enveloped by a double membrane, contains free ribosomes and circular DNA molecules, grows and reproduces somewhat independently in the cell.

Mitochondria Structure

Nearly in all eukaryotic cells, smooth outer membrane, inner membrane is called Cristae, intermembrane contains 2 compartments:Intermembrane space, Mitochondrial Matrix, Cristae present a large surface area for enzymes that synthesize ATP.

Chloroplasts Structure

Contain green pigment called chlorophyll, found in leaves and other green organs of plants in algae, chloroplasts contain:Thylakoids, stacks are called Granum, and Stroma internal fluid, chromosomes are a group of organelles called plastid.

Peroxisomes Structure

Specialized metabolic compartment bounded by a single membrane, produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water.