Human Anatomy Torres Exam 1 Tissues

allowing the propagation of electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulses that communicate between different regions of the body (also excitable)

function of the nervous tissue

Where is nervous tissue in our bodies ?

brain, spinal cord and nerves

"excitable"; responding to stimuli and contracting to provide movement

function of the muscle tissue

what are the 3 types of muscle tissue

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

covers exterior surfaces of the body, line internal cavities and passageways & form certain glands

epithelial tissue

binds the cells & organs of the body together & functions in the protection, support, & integration of all parts of the body

connective tissue

This tissue is :

Located in air sacs of lungs and the lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

Function: allows materials to pass through by diffusion and filtration, and secretes lubricating substance

Simple squamous epithelium

This tissue is :

Located in ducts and secretory portions of small glands and in kidney tubules

Function: secretes and absorbs

Simple cuboidal epithelium

This tissue is:

Located in Ciliated tissues are in larger bronchioles, uterine tubes, and uterus; smooth (nonciliated tissues) are in the digestive tract, bladder

Function: Absorbs; it also secretes mucus and enzymes

Simple columnar epithelium

This tissue is:

Ciliated tissue lines the bronchi, trachea, and much of the upper respiratory tract

Function: Secretes mucus; ciliated tissue moves mucus

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

This tissue is:

Lines the esophagus, mouth, and vagina

Function: Protects against abrasion

Stratified squamous epithelium

This tissue is:

IN Sweat glands, salivary glands, and the mammary glands

Function: Protective tissue

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

This tissue is :

The male and female urethrae and the ducts of some glands

Function: Secretes and protects

Stratified columnar epithelium

This tissue is:

Lines the bladder, urethra, and the ureters

Function Allows the urinary organs to expand and stretch

Transitional epithelium

What are the two types of glands ? What do they do ?

endocrine secrets directly into surrounding tissues/fluids (no ducts) and exocrine secrets to the external environment via ducts (indirectly or directly)

Cell creates chemical, released through pores. What secretion is this ?

merocrine secretion

no pores, pieces of cell membrane break off, wrap around chemical & is released cell membrane "regenerates". What secretion is this ?

apocrine secretion

no pores, pieces of cell membrane break off, wrap around chemical & is released, cell does NOT regenerate it will eventually die. What secretion is this ?

holocrine secretion

What are the 3 general types of connective tissue ?

connective tissue proper, supportive connective tissue and fluid connective tissue

This tissue supports, attachment and protection of structures, & immune functions.

connective tissue

What are the common cells of connective tissue proper ?

fibroblasts, adipocytes and macrophages

fibroblasts function

most common, produce the matrix

adipocytes function

(fat cells) for energy storage

macrophages

immune cells, help destroy infectious agents

What are the two main subtypes of connective tissue proper ?

loose and dense connective tissue

it is common between organs, absorbs shock & binds and allows substances to pass through

loose connective tissue

higher abundance of collagen fibers in the matrix than loose, allow for greater resistance to stretching

dense connective tissue

What is supportive connective tissue ? What are the two types ?

maintains body posture/position, protects internal organs ; two types is cartilage and bone

Chondrocytes are

cartilage cells in lacunae

The cartilage matrix is

avascular- nutrients must diffuse through matrix to reach chondrocytes

What are the three types of cartilage ?

hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

Hyaline cartilage is

strong and flexible; most common

fibrocartilage is

the strongest

elastic cartilage is

most flexible

Osteocytes are

bone cells within lacunae

bone matrix is

vascular- blood carries nutrients to osteocytes- bone heals quickly

matrix contains

collagen fibers for flexibility

Within the matrix contains

hydroxyapatite for rigidity

what is fluid connective tissue ? And what do they carry?

carry materials throughout body ; blood and lymph

Erythrocytes are

red blood cells, carry oxygen and carbon dioxide

Leukocytes are

white blood cells, immune response

allows mobility of body parts. What tissue am I

muscle tissue

The excitation of ________ causes muscles to contract or relax

myocytes

The three types of muscle tissue is

skeletal, cardiac and smooth

skeletal muscle function

voluntary movement, most common

cardiac muscle function

forms the heart, involuntary

smooth muscle function

involuntary movements of internal organs

allows transmission and processing of information about the internal and external environments

nervous tissue function

nervous tissue cell types (2)

neurons and neuroglia

Neurons have 3 major components: what are they ?

cell body, dendrite and axon

cell body contains

most organelles

Dendrites do what?

receives signals from other cells

Axons function

sends signals to other cells

synapse function

junction between two neurons