HA&P Integumentary System Ch. 6

Epidermis

Superficial layer of the skin. Composed of keratinized, stratified squamos epithelium. Provides a thick, water-proof, protective covering over the underlying layers of the skin.

Dermis

Composed of connective tissue. Contains blood vessels, nerve endings, and epidermally derived cutaneous organs such as sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles

Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Layer)

Composed of adipose and aerolar connective tissue. The fat layer provides mechanical cushioning and a thermal insulation layer for underlying organs

Stratum Corneum

The layer of skin that contains cells whose cytoplasm is filled with keratin, superficial layer of epidermis

Stratum Lucidum

a thin, clear layer of dead skin cells in the epidermis named for its translucent appearance under a microscope found in thick skin

Stratum Granulosum

is a thin layer of cells in the epidermis. Keratinocytes migrating from the underlying stratum spinosum become known as granular cells in this layer.

Stratum Spinosum

is a layer of the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale. Held together by desmosomes

Mucous membranes are located in the

lining of cavities and tubes that have openings to the outside

Function of synovial membranes

to secrete a fluid that reduces friction

Stratum Basale

The cells of the skin reproduce here, basement of the epidermis

Functions of skin

regulate temperature, form a protective covering for underlying structures, sensory structure, ets

Melanocytes

The cell that produces melanin. Found in the deeper layer of skin

Melanin

The pigment that helps protect the deepest layers of the epidermis and the dermis

Vitamin D

The vitamin produced by the skin

Accessory organs of the skin

Sweat glands, finger and toe nails, and sebaceous glands

Pigments responsible for hair color

Trichosiderin, melanin, and carotene

What type of glands are sebaceous glands?

Glands that are associated with blackheads and may be connected to hair follicles

Lunula

The growing portion of the nail

Where are apocrine sweat glands most numerous?

The palm and soles

What sets occur in wound healing

inflammation, scab formation, scarring

Location of serous membrane

lining of internal areas like the intestines

Cutaneous Membrane

aka the skin

Location of basement membrane

Lies between the epidermis and the dermis

What determines skin color?

Genetic determination of melanin distribution

Why do goose bumps happen?

arrector pili muscles contract

Mucous Membrane

Secretes mucus

Describe a First Degree Burn

Burns in which the damaged areas are the epidermis only. Causes redness, swelling, and pain.

Describe a Second Degree Burn

Burns that damages the epidermis and the upper layer of the dermis. Causes blistering of skin and takes longer to heal

Describe a Third Degree Burn

The most severe of all, damages epidermis, dermis, and often the subcutaneous layer.

Hypothalamus

Main sensory receptor that detects temperature

Vasodialation

Pores that either shrink or enlarges depending on temperature (Heat=large, Cold=small)

Integumentary System Functions (x7)

1. Protection

2. Temperature control

3. Limit dehydration

4. House sensory organs

5. Excrete waste

6. Synthesize vitamin D

7. Blood reservoir

Eccrine sweat gland properties (x4)

1. Most numerous

2. Secretes water

3. Regulates temperature

4. Tactile sensitivity

Apocrine sweat gland properties (x3)

1. Body odor

2. Comes during stress or sexual stimulation

3. In the axillary, navel, genital and nipple areas

Mammary gland property

milk

Ceruminous gland property

earwax

1st Degree Burn (other name, layers, symptoms, first aid)

Other name: superficial

layers: epidermis

symptoms