Anatomy Comp 2

What vein drains directly into the IVC on the left vs right sides differently?

Left vs right gonadal veins (left → left renal vein; right → IVC)

The flexor hallicus brevis is innervated by the

Medial plantar nerve

The ischial spine separates the

Lesser and greater ischiatic notches

Round ligament of the uterus ends at the

Labia majors

____ passes through S2-3

Inferior gluteal and out the greater sciatic foramen

The inferior vesicle artery is from

Internal iliac

The superior rectal artery anastomoses with the

Middle rectal

the inferior gluteal nerve runs ____ the piriformus

Below

The mesosalpix, mesovarium, and mesometrium are all a part of the

Broad ligament

The _____ carries all of those important of the ovary

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

Urethra

Preprostatic, prostatic, membranous, and spongy

Posterior of the lumbar sacral trunk

Internal iliac, illiolumbar, lateral sacral, superior gluteal, common iliac, external iliac

Anterior part of the lumbar sacral trunk

Vaginal, uterine, superior vesical, umbilical, Obturator, vaginal artery, internal pudendal

The labia minora connects

Mons pubis and anus

Crus of clitorus is covered by

Ischiocavernosum

Crus is the continuation of the

Corpus cavernosum

Bulb is the continuation of the

Corpus spongiosum

Bucks fascia surrounds

Corpus spongiosum and cavernosum

The deep artery of the penis is in the

Corpus cavernosum

The dorsal nerve of the penis is lateral to the

Dorsal artery (of the penis) (vein in the middle of all of it)

The scrotal ligament is the remnant of the

Gubernaculum and it helps the testes descend

Internal spermatic fascia becomes

Transversalis fascia

The testis are covered by the

Tunica vaginalis (and it has a visceral and parietal layer)

The tunica albuginea is ____ in the testicles.

deeper

A hydrocele is associated with the

Tunica vaginalis

All the bulb of the penis extends and becomes the

Corpus spongeosum

The internal pudendal artery gives off the

Perineal artery

The posterior labial/scrotal artery come from the

Perineal artery

The posterior thigh is innervated by

mostly the tibial nerve (except the short head of the biceps femoris which is innervated by common fibular)/

What nerve innervates both superficial & deep pouch muscles?

Perineal nerve (branch of pudendal nerve

What artery supplies perineum & clitoris in females?

Internal pudendal artery → branches into perineal a., dorsal a. of clitoris, posterior labial a.

What is the order of uterine tube regions?

Isthmus → ampulla → infundibulum → fimbriae

Where do ejaculatory ducts drain?

Into prostatic urethra

What vessel passes between the lumbosacral trunk & S1?

Superior gluteal artery (in both sexes)

During ovariectomy, what artery must be ligated?

Ovarian artery (branch of abdominal aorta

The quadratus plantae is innervated by

The lateral plantar nerve

The adductor hallicus is innervated by

Lateral plantar nerve

The lumbricals 2-4 is innervated by

Lateral plantar nerve

The dorsal and plantar interossei are innervated by

The lateral plantar nerve

The Abductor digiti minimi is innervated by

Lateral plantar nerve

What does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve innervate?

Skin of lateral thigh (sensory only).

The gracilis is innervated by

(Anterior branch) The obturator nerve

The adductor longus is innervated by

(Anterior branch) Obturator nerve

The adductor brevis is innervated by

(Anterior branch of the) Obturator nerve

The anterior portion of the adductor magnus is innervated by

Obturator nerve

The Obturator externus is innervated by

Obturator nerve

The abdominal aorta splits into

Left and right common iliac artery

The inferior phrenic gives off the

Abdominal aorta

The inferior suprarenal artery comes from

Renal arteries

The external anal sphincter is innervated by

Pudendal nerve

The gonadal arteries come from the

Abdominal aorta

The middle suprarenal artery comes from the

Abdominal aorta

The tensor fasciae latae is innervated by

The superior gluteal nerve

The left gonadal (left ovarian/testicular) vein goes into the

Left renal vein

The right gonadal (right ovarian/testicular) vein goes into the

IVC

The left suprarenal vein goes into the

Left renal vein

The right suprarenal vein goes into the

IVC

What does the saphenous nerve innervate?

Skin of medial leg and foot (purely sensory; no motor).

The gastrocnemius is innervated by

The tibial nerve

The soleus is innervated by

The tibial nerve

The plantaris is innervated by

The tibial nerve

The popliteus is innervated by

The tibial nerve

The tibialis posterior is innervated by

Tibial nerve

The ___ is slightly lower

The right kidney

Perirenal fat is around

The kidney and adrenal gland

Lateral arcuate ligament is associated with the

Quadratus lumborum

Medial arcuate ligament is associated with the

Psoas major

Quadratus lumborum inserts to the

Iliac crest

T12-L2 innervates the

Hindgut

Preganglion source for appendix

T10

The femoral nerve is ____ to the Psoas major

Lateral

The obturator nerve is ____ to the Psoas major

Medial

The genitofemoral nerve is ______ of the Psoas major

On top of the

What three veins join to form the hepatic portal vein?

Splenic, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric veins

What artery supplies the diaphragm from below?

Inferior phrenic artery

What does the ileocecal valve regulate?

Flow of digested food from small to large intestine

What is compressed in Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome?

The duodenum between the SMA and aorta

What area is most vulnerable in ischemic colitis?

The left colic flexure (watershed area between SMA & IMA)

What vein is compressed in Nutcracker Syndrome?

Left renal vein (between SMA and aorta

Iliohypogastric vs Ilioinguinal course difference?

Iliohypogastric runs superior; Ilioinguinal passes through inguinal canal

What are the 2 branches of the genitofemoral nerve?

Genital branch (inguinal canal → external genitalia) and femoral branch (supplies upper medial thigh)

What are the actions of quadratus lumborum?

Bilateral: fixes rib 12 during inspiration, trunk extension. Unilateral: lateral trunk flexion (ipsilateral)

At what vertebral level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate into the common iliac arteries?

L4

The inferior mesenteric artery continues as the

Superior rectal artery

Which three veins join to become the hepatic portal vein

Splenic, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric veins

What is another name for the Ligament of Treitz and what does it mark?

Suspensory ligament of the duodenum; marks the duodenojejunal junction

What are paracolic gutters and why are they clinically relevant?

Spaces lateral to ascending/descending colon; pathways for fluid/infection spread in the peritoneal cavity

Which muscle originates from the lumbar vertebrae and descends to the femur

Psoas major

What is the mnemonic to remember the origin of the femoral nerve?

L2, 3, 4 keep you on the dance floor

What nerve passes medial to psoas major and enters the medial thigh?

Obturator nerve

Scarpa’s fascia

Deep membranous layer adjacent to muscle

What defines Hesselbach’s triangle?

• Medial: Rectus abdominis

• Lateral: Inferior epigastric vessels

• Inferior: Inguinal ligament

What is the omental foramen and where is it located?

Opening between the greater and lesser sacs, behind the hepatoduodenal ligament

What attaches the liver to the stomach

Lesser omentum

What marks the start of the large intestine

The cecum

What is the mesentery proper?

A double layer of peritoneum that suspends the small intestine and contains vessels from the superior mesenteric artery