middle ages

Bone-house

body

the world’s candle

sun

sea stallion

ship

building’s mouth

gate

swan road or path

sea/river

battle flasher

sword

storm of swords

battle

ring-giver or giver of gold

king

kenning

condensed metaphor used instead of a simple noun in Old English Literature

Heroic Poetry

narrative poetry “concerned with the epic battles and legendary or mythic figures (warrior culture)

mead hall

offered warriors shelter, food and drink and entertainment

battle poems

commemorating historical battles

elegiac Poetry

expresses sadness: focusing on death or other sombre themes

religious poetry

christian themes

a wonder on the wave/water became bone

Ice on a lake or seashore

rune

early Germanic alphabet

anthropomorphism

object or animal literally behaving like a human being (Dream of the Rood)

Personification

rhetorical presentation of non-human entity figuratively endowed with human characteristics “the sound system spilled its guts when the lecturer switched it on”

eponymous hero

his name is in the title of the poem

Allegory

a form of extended metaphor in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative are equated with meanings that lie outside the narrative itself

story

the succession of fictional events in chronological order

narrative

what the reader actually reads

word-hoard

a person’s vocabulary

Medieval society - those who pray: Oratores

clergy

Medieval society - those who fight: bellatores

aristocracy

Those who work: laboratores

peasantry

stanza

a group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem

fables

tales in which characters are usually animals to point to a moral

What are Grendel’s other names in Beowulf?

God-cursed Grendel, Girth with God’s anger, captain of evil

What are Beowulf’s other names in Beowulf?

Hygelac’s thane/kinsman, prince of goodness, the Geat captain

Word-hoard

a person’s vocabulary

The mouth of building

gate

Whale-road

sea

sea stallion

ship

battle flasher

sword

cloud-murk

fog

treasure seat

throne

soliloquy

a speech delivered while the speaker is alone (on stage), calculated to inform the audience of what is passing in the character’s mind

Aside

character addresses audience while other characters remain on stage but do not hear what is said

prologue

formal opening of play

epilogue

formal conclusion

dramatic irony

the words or acts of a character may carry a meaning unperceived by the character but understood by the audience

Who are the three great essayist of the romantic Literature period

Charles Lamb, William Hazlitt and Thomas de Quincey

Which Literature was popular during the romantic era

Historical Novel, Bildungsroman, Gothic Novel and Novel of manners

What did the romantic fiction bring forward slowly?

realist literature

Which are the important authors of romantic poetry ?

Blake, William Wordsworth, S.T Coleridge P. B byron and John Keats

What is organicism ?

spontaneous creation