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Memory
Set of Process used to Encode, Store, and Retrieve information
Encoding
Involves the input of information into the memory system
Storage
is the retention of the encoded information
Retrieval
known as getting the information out of memory and back into awareness, is the third function
Visual Encoding
Encoding of images
Acoustic Encoding
Encoding of sounds
Self- reference Effect
Having better memory for information that relate to oneself
Short term Memory
Very short Memory , about 20 seconds
Rehearsal
Conscious repetition of information to be remembered
Consolidation
when information is moved from short to term memory to long term memory
Explicit Memory
Includes episodic and semantic memory, those we consciously try to remember
Implicit Memory
includes procedural memory and things learned through conditioning, they are not part of conscious
Procedural
Long Term memories of conditioned responses and learned skills examples like driving and tying your shoes
Declarative
Long term Memory factual information
Semantic Memory
Impersonal facts and everyday knowledge
Episodic Memory
Personal experiences linked with specific time and places
Recall
Accessing information without cues
Recognition
identifying information previously learned
Relearning
Learning information previously learned
Amygdala
The part of the brain that is involved in fear and fear memories
Hippocampus
The part of the brain that is associated with declarative and episodic memory as well as recognition memory
Cerebellum
The part of the brain that plays a role in processing procedural memories, such as how to play the piano
Prefrontal Cortex
the part of the brain that appears to be involved in remembering semantic tasks
Arousal Theory
The Part of the brain that has a strong emotional experiences can trigger the release of neurotransmitters and hormones which strengthen memory
Flashbulb Memory
A record of an atypical and unusual event that has very strong emotional association
Retrograde Amnesia
Memory problems that extend back in time before the injury and prevent retrieval of information previously stored in long- term memory
Anterograde Amnesia
Conversely, memory problems that extend forward in time from the point of injury and prevent the formation of new memories
Misinformation effect paradigm
after exposure to incorrect information, a person may misremember the original event
False Memory syndrome
Recall of false autobiographical Memories
Blocking
also known as tip- of - the - tongue phenenomenon
Persistence
many veterans of military conflicts involuntarily recall unwanted, unpleasant memories
Proactive Interference
old information hinder recall of new information
Retroactive interference
New information hinders recall of old information
Chunking
organize information into manageable bits
elaborative rehearsal
Relating new information to knowledge already stored in memory
