Professional Communications: Quiz Ch 1-3

communication

the process by which we use symbols, signs and behaviors to transfer information

Communication is not just

common sense

Social connections can

help you be more productive in life, lessen the chance of depression and reduce cognitive decline

Communication functions to help ( or not help)

us accomplish our goals in various situations

affiliation

the feeling of connectedness with others

All communication is in

the context of relationships

Most communication is

influential, intentional or otherwise

control is

finite; the more one has, the less others have

communication is;

symbolic

communication requires

a shared code

communication is linked to

culture

communication can be

unintentional

communication occurs through

various channels

Communication is always

transactional

communication is about

sharing meanings

2 kinds of internal noise

physiological ( stomach growling) and thoughts

The interaction model

the sender encodes a message, the receiver decodes it. Only one way

Competent communication model

a circle of communication involving encoding and decoding, behavior and dependent on context

perception

cognitive approach in which we observe, interpret and create our own meanings

attributions

judgements we make to explain behavior fu

ndamental attribution error

attributing events to outside sources

self serving bias

put successes on ourselves and our failures on others

perception barriers

narrow perspectives, discrimination, stereotyping and prejudice

we organize our perceptions into

schemas

what predicts attraction

the perception of similarity, rather than actual similarity

cognitive processing

how we mentally gather, organize and evaluate perceptions s

Schemas

Mental structures that put together related bits of information into categories and patterns

social construction

the process of forming reality through repeated social interactions i

interaction appearance theory

explains how people change their perceptions of someone, particularly physical attractiveness the more they interact

challenges of schemas

mindlessness, selective perception and distorted perception a

neagtivity bias

when we think that others bad intentions must be responsible for our negative outcomes.

diversity

the different variables between us all

successful intercultural communication requires

mindfulness, respect for others and accurate perceptions of situations

stereotyping

the act of assuming that individuals have a particular set of adttitueds behaviors, skills, morals or habits merely because they belong to a certain group ( can be positive, negative or neutral)

prejudice

a feeling of unkindness and ill-will toward groups based on preconceived notions about those groups

cognition

thoughts about ourselves

3 main influences on cognition

self concept, self esteem and self efficacy

self concept

knowledge of self

self esteem

feelings about self

self efficacy

prediction of success for self

social compariosn theory

the idea that we are driven to gain a sense of self by examining our qualities/abilites in comparison to others

communication apprehension

general fear and anxiety about communicating

Self-fulfilling prophecy

a prediction that causes you to change your behavior in a way that makes the prediction more likely to occur

we evaluate expectation, execution and outcomes in 3 ways

self-actualization, self adequacy and self denigration

self actualization

the feelings and thoughts you get when. you have successfully negotiated a communication situation

self adequacy

when you assess your communication competence as sufficient or acceptable

self denigration

cirtizing or attacking yourself

identity management

making designs about how to( or how not to) share internal viewpoints with others

self presentation

intentional communication designed to show elements of the self for strategic purposes s

self monitoring

your ability to watch your environment and others in it for cues about how to present yourself s

self disclosure

when you reveal yourself to others by sharing info about yourself

High self awareness means

you are more aware of impressions, communications and responses

low self awareness means

that you are less concerned with appearances and more relaxed

Ways to improve perceptions

consider the other perspectives, know first impressions could be wrong, question assumptions av

avoid perception errors by

verifying perceptions, avoid stereotypes, be aware of biases, and knowing about primacy and recency.