Urinary System Disorders

nephr/o

kidney

ur/o

urine

cyst/o

bladder

pyel/o

renal pelvis

ureter/o

ureter

urethr/o

urethra

glomerul/o

glomeruli

ren/o

kidney

vesic/o

bladder

lith/o

stone

hemat/o

blood

albumin/o

albumin, protein

bacteri/o

bacteria

glyc/o

sugar, sweet

keton/o

ketone bodies

py/o

pus

hydr/o

water

noct/o

night

hem/o

blood

tom/o

to cut

meat/o

meatus

ile/o

ileum

prostat/o

prostate gland

vagin/o

vagina

neur/o

nerve

-uria

urine condition

-itis

inflammation

-osis

abnormal condition

-lith

stone

-algia

pain

-rrhagia

bleeding

-ectomy

surgical removal

-otomy

surgical incision

-plasty

surgical repair

-pexy

surgical fixation

-ostomy

creating an opening

-scopy

visual examination

-graphy

process of creating a picture or record

-gram

picture or record

-lysis

destruction or separation

-tripsy

crush

-esis

condition of

-emia

blood condition

-ptosis

droop or sag

-cele

hernia

-stenosis

tightening or narrowing

-ectasis

enlargement

-dipsia

thirst

-genic

created by

-ism

condition of

-rrhea

flow or discharge

-rrhaphy

surgical suturing

-analysis

study of parts

an-

without

dys-

bad, difficult, painful

poly-

many, much, excessive

oligo-

few, little, scanty

hyper-

excessive

hypo-

decreased

dia-

complete or through

Nephrologist

medical doctor who specializes in the care of kidneys

Urologist

medical doctor specializing in conditions that affect the urinary tract in men, women, and children, and diseases that affect the reproductive system

Anuria

complete lack of urine production and lack of urine excretion; failure of the kidneys to produce urine

Azotemia

nitrogenous waste in the bloodstream

Bacteriuria

the presence of bacteria in the urine

Calculus

a stone that's formed within an organ from a mineral salt

Cystalgia

urinary bladder pain; Pain in the bladder

Cystolith

a bladder stone; Bladder stones

Cystorrhagia

abnormal bleeding from the urinary bladder

Diuresis

an increased formation and secretion of urine; a condition in which the kidneys filter too much bodily fluid

Dysuria

difficult or painful urination; painful or difficult urination

Enuresis

the involuntary discharge of urine, also called bed wetting at night; involuntary urination, especially by children at night

Frequency

a greater-than-normal urge to urinate with no increase in total volume of urine; Urinating too often

Glycosuria

the presence of glucose or sugar in the urine; the presence of sugars in the urine

Hematuria

the presence of blood in the urine; Presence of blood in the urine

Hesitancy

a decreased force in urine stream and is often with difficulty in initiating the flow

Ketonuria

the presence of ketones in the urine; occurs when the body burns fat instead of glucose for energy; high ketone levels in your urine

Nephrolith

a kidney stone; hard deposit that forms in the kidneys and is often painful when passed

Nephromalacia

a kidney that is abnormally soft

Nephromegaly

a kidney that is enlarged

Nephrosclerosis

kidney tissue that has become hardened

Nocturia

having to urinate frequently during the night; the need for patients to get up at night on a regular basis to urinate

Oliguria

producing too little urine; Occurs when urinary output less than 400 ml per day or less than 20 ml per hour; the production of abnormally small amounts of urine

Polyuria

producing an unusually large volume of urine; urinating more than usual and passes excessive or abnormally large amounts of urine each time you urinate

Proteinuria

the presence of protein in the urine

Pyuria

the presence of pus or white cells in the urine; Presence of white blood cells in urine

Renal colic

pain caused by a kidney stone; a sudden, acute pain in the kidney area caused by the obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the bladder

Stricture

the narrowing of a passageway in the urinary system

Uremia

the accumulation of waste products in the bloodstream; a raised level in the blood of urea and other nitrogenous waste compounds that are normally eliminated by the kidneys

Ureterectasis

the ureter is stretched out or dilated; dilation of one or both ureters

Ureterolith

a stone in the ureter; A stone in a ureter

Ureterostenosis

the ureter has become narrowed

Urethralgia

urethral pain

Urethrorrhagia

abnormal bleeding from the urethra; irritation and bleeding of the urethra

Urethrostenosis

the urethra has become narrowed; a medical condition in which the urethra becomes narrow

Urgency

a feeling of the need to urinate immediately; a sudden, strong need to urinate

Urinary incontinence

an involuntary release of urine; Leakage of urine by accident

Urinary retention

the inability to fully empty the bladder

Acute tubular necrosis

damage to the renal tubules due to toxins in the urine that results in oliguria

Diabetic nephropathy

damage to the glomerular capillaries due to the high blood sugar of diabetes that causes kidney damage